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10.1038/s41564-021-00908-w http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/s41564-021-00908-w 33907312!ä!33907312 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Nat+Microbiol 2021 ; 6 (7): 899-909 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33907312|t=2021. The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for transmission in ferrets |pdf=|usr=}}{{33907312}} gab.com Text The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for transmission in ferrets JO: Nat Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33907312 #FOAvip SARS-CoV-2 entry requires sequential cleavage of the spike glycoprotein at the S1/S2 and the S2' cleavage sites to mediate membrane fusion. SARS-CoV-2 has a polybasic insertion (PRRAR) at the S1/S2 cleavage site that can be cleaved by furin. Using lentiviral pseudotypes and a cell-culture-adapted SARS-CoV-2 virus with an S1/S2 deletion, we show that the polybasic insertion endows SARS-CoV-2 with a selective advantage in lung cells and primary human airway epithelial cells, but impairs replication in Vero E6, a cell line used for passaging SARS-CoV-2. Using engineered spike variants and live virus competition assays and by measuring growth kinetics, we find that the selective advantage in lung and primary human airway epithelial cells depends on the expression of the cell surface protease TMPRSS2, which enables endosome-independent virus entry by a route that avoids antiviral IFITM proteins. SARS-CoV-2 virus lacking the S1/S2 furin cleavage site was shed to lower titres from infected ferrets and was not transmitted to cohoused sentinel animals, unlike wild-type virus. Analysis of 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences derived from patients and 24 human postmortem tissues showed low frequencies of naturally occurring mutants that harbour deletions at the polybasic site. Taken together, our findings reveal that the furin cleavage site is an important determinant of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Twit Text FOAVip The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for transmission in ferrets ????Nat Microbiol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33907312 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33907312 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33907312}}</ref> The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required for transmission in ferrets #MMPMID33907312 Peacock TP; Goldhill DH; Zhou J; Baillon L; Frise R; Swann OC; Kugathasan R; Penn R; Brown JC; Sanchez-David RY; Braga L; Williamson MK; Hassard JA; Staller E; Hanley B; Osborn M; Giacca M; Davidson AD; Matthews DA; Barclay WS Nat Microbiol 2021[Jul]; 6 (7): 899-909 PMID33907312show ga SARS-CoV-2 entry requires sequential cleavage of the spike glycoprotein at the S1/S2 and the S2' cleavage sites to mediate membrane fusion. SARS-CoV-2 has a polybasic insertion (PRRAR) at the S1/S2 cleavage site that can be cleaved by furin. Using lentiviral pseudotypes and a cell-culture-adapted SARS-CoV-2 virus with an S1/S2 deletion, we show that the polybasic insertion endows SARS-CoV-2 with a selective advantage in lung cells and primary human airway epithelial cells, but impairs replication in Vero E6, a cell line used for passaging SARS-CoV-2. Using engineered spike variants and live virus competition assays and by measuring growth kinetics, we find that the selective advantage in lung and primary human airway epithelial cells depends on the expression of the cell surface protease TMPRSS2, which enables endosome-independent virus entry by a route that avoids antiviral IFITM proteins. SARS-CoV-2 virus lacking the S1/S2 furin cleavage site was shed to lower titres from infected ferrets and was not transmitted to cohoused sentinel animals, unlike wild-type virus. Analysis of 100,000 SARS-CoV-2 sequences derived from patients and 24 human postmortem tissues showed low frequencies of naturally occurring mutants that harbour deletions at the polybasic site. Taken together, our findings reveal that the furin cleavage site is an important determinant of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. |Animals[MESH] |COVID-19/*transmission/virology[MESH] |Cathepsins/metabolism[MESH] |Chlorocebus aethiops[MESH] |Endosomes/metabolism[MESH] |Epithelial Cells[MESH] |Ferrets[MESH] |Furin/*metabolism[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Immune Evasion[MESH] |Membrane Proteins/metabolism[MESH] |RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism[MESH] |Respiratory System/cytology/virology[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2/*physiology[MESH] |Serine Endopeptidases/metabolism[MESH] |Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism[MESH] |Vero Cells[MESH] |Viral Genome Packaging[MESH] |Virus Internalization[MESH] |Virus Replication[MESH]The furin cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is required fo(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing