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10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102448 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102448 33850337!8028850!33850337     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=33850337&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       J+Environ+Econ+Manage 2021 ; 108 (ä): 102448 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33850337|t=2021. Pandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-19 |pdf=|usr=}}{{33850337}} gab.com Text Pandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-19 JO: J Environ Econ Manage http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33850337 #FOAvip We study the impact of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on the spread and severity of COVID-19 in Germany. We combine data at the county-by-day level on confirmed cases and deaths with information on local air quality and weather conditions. Following Deryugina et al. (2019), we instrument short-term variation in local concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) by region-specific daily variation in wind directions. We find significant positive effects of PM10 concentration on death numbers from four days before to ten days after the onset of symptoms. Specifically, for elderly patients (80+ years) an increase in ambient PM10 concentration by one standard deviation between two and four days after developing symptoms increases the number of deaths by 19 percent of a standard deviation. In addition, higher levels air pollution raise the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 for all age groups. The timing of effects surrounding the onset of illness suggests that air pollution affects the severity of already-realized infections. We discuss the implications of our results for immediate policy levers to reduce the exposure and level of ambient air pollution, as well as for cost-benefit considerations of policies aiming at sustainable longer-term reductions of pollution levels. Twit Text FOAVip Pandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-19 ????J Environ Econ Manage http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33850337 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33850337 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33850337}}</ref> Pandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-19 #MMPMID33850337 Isphording IE; Pestel N J Environ Econ Manage 2021[Jul]; 108 (ä): 102448 PMID33850337show ga We study the impact of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on the spread and severity of COVID-19 in Germany. We combine data at the county-by-day level on confirmed cases and deaths with information on local air quality and weather conditions. Following Deryugina et al. (2019), we instrument short-term variation in local concentrations of particulate matter (PM10) by region-specific daily variation in wind directions. We find significant positive effects of PM10 concentration on death numbers from four days before to ten days after the onset of symptoms. Specifically, for elderly patients (80+ years) an increase in ambient PM10 concentration by one standard deviation between two and four days after developing symptoms increases the number of deaths by 19 percent of a standard deviation. In addition, higher levels air pollution raise the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 for all age groups. The timing of effects surrounding the onset of illness suggests that air pollution affects the severity of already-realized infections. We discuss the implications of our results for immediate policy levers to reduce the exposure and level of ambient air pollution, as well as for cost-benefit considerations of policies aiming at sustainable longer-term reductions of pollution levels. äPandemic meets pollution: Poor air quality increases deaths by COVID-1(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing