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10.1073/pnas.2022376118 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1073/pnas.2022376118 33827987!8092566!33827987     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Proc+Natl+Acad+Sci+U+S+A 2021 ; 118 (17): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33827987|t=2021. Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic |pdf=|usr=}}{{33827987}} gab.com Text Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic JO: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33827987 #FOAvip Suspension of face-to-face instruction in schools during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to concerns about consequences for students' learning. So far, data to study this question have been limited. Here we evaluate the effect of school closures on primary school performance using exceptionally rich data from The Netherlands (n approximately 350,000). We use the fact that national examinations took place before and after lockdown and compare progress during this period to the same period in the 3 previous years. The Netherlands underwent only a relatively short lockdown (8 wk) and features an equitable system of school funding and the world's highest rate of broadband access. Still, our results reveal a learning loss of about 3 percentile points or 0.08 standard deviations. The effect is equivalent to one-fifth of a school year, the same period that schools remained closed. Losses are up to 60% larger among students from less-educated homes, confirming worries about the uneven toll of the pandemic on children and families. Investigating mechanisms, we find that most of the effect reflects the cumulative impact of knowledge learned rather than transitory influences on the day of testing. Results remain robust when balancing on the estimated propensity of treatment and using maximum-entropy weights or with fixed-effects specifications that compare students within the same school and family. The findings imply that students made little or no progress while learning from home and suggest losses even larger in countries with weaker infrastructure or longer school closures. Twit Text FOAVip Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic ????Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33827987 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33827987 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33827987}}</ref> Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic #MMPMID33827987 Engzell P; Frey A; Verhagen MD Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021[Apr]; 118 (17): ä PMID33827987show ga Suspension of face-to-face instruction in schools during the COVID-19 pandemic has led to concerns about consequences for students' learning. So far, data to study this question have been limited. Here we evaluate the effect of school closures on primary school performance using exceptionally rich data from The Netherlands (n approximately 350,000). We use the fact that national examinations took place before and after lockdown and compare progress during this period to the same period in the 3 previous years. The Netherlands underwent only a relatively short lockdown (8 wk) and features an equitable system of school funding and the world's highest rate of broadband access. Still, our results reveal a learning loss of about 3 percentile points or 0.08 standard deviations. The effect is equivalent to one-fifth of a school year, the same period that schools remained closed. Losses are up to 60% larger among students from less-educated homes, confirming worries about the uneven toll of the pandemic on children and families. Investigating mechanisms, we find that most of the effect reflects the cumulative impact of knowledge learned rather than transitory influences on the day of testing. Results remain robust when balancing on the estimated propensity of treatment and using maximum-entropy weights or with fixed-effects specifications that compare students within the same school and family. The findings imply that students made little or no progress while learning from home and suggest losses even larger in countries with weaker infrastructure or longer school closures. |*COVID-19/epidemiology/prevention & control[MESH] |*Learning[MESH] |*Pandemics[MESH] |*Quarantine[MESH] |*SARS-CoV-2[MESH] |*Schools[MESH] |Child[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Male[MESH]Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing