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10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3793 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.3793 33787909!8013816!33787909     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 276.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 276.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       JAMA+Netw+Open 2021 ; 4 (3): e213793 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33787909|t=2021. Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada |pdf=|usr=}}{{33787909}} gab.com Text Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada JO: JAMA Netw Open http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33787909 #FOAvip IMPORTANCE: Resurgent COVID-19 cases have resulted in the reinstitution of nonpharmaceutical interventions, including school closures, which can have adverse effects on families. Understanding the associations of school closures with the number of incident and cumulative COVID-19 cases is critical for decision-making. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association of schools being open or closed with the number of COVID-19 cases compared with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This decision analytical modelling study developed an agent-based transmission model using a synthetic population of 1?000?000 individuals based on the characteristics of the population of Ontario, Canada. Members of the synthetic population were clustered into households, neighborhoods, or rural districts, cities or rural regions, day care facilities, classrooms (ie, primary, elementary, or high school), colleges or universities, and workplaces. Data were analyzed between May 5, 2020, and October 20, 2020. EXPOSURES: School reopening on September 15, 2020, vs schools remaining closed under different scenarios for nonpharmaceutical interventions. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incident and cumulative COVID-19 cases between September 1, 2020, and October 31, 2020. RESULTS: Among 1?000?000 simulated individuals, the percentage of infections among students and teachers acquired within schools was less than 5% across modeled scenarios. Incident COVID-19 case numbers on October 31, 2020, were 4414 (95% credible interval [CrI], 3491-5382) cases in the scenario with schools remaining closed and 4740 (95% CrI, 3863-5691) cases in the scenario for schools reopening, with no other community-based nonpharmaceutical intervention. In scenarios with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented, the incident case numbers on October 31 were 714 (95% CrI, 568-908) cases for schools remaining closed and 780 (95% CrI, 580-993) cases for schools reopening. When scenarios applied the case numbers observed in early October in Ontario, the cumulative case numbers were 777 (95% CrI, 621-993) cases for schools remaining closed and 803 (95% CrI, 617-990) cases for schools reopening. In scenarios with implementation of community-based interventions vs no community-based interventions, there was a mean difference of 39?355 cumulative COVID-19 cases by October 31, 2020, while keeping schools closed vs reopening them yielded a mean difference of 2040 cases. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This decision analytical modeling study of a synthetic population of individuals in Ontario, Canada, found that most COVID-19 cases in schools were due to acquisition in the community rather than transmission within schools and that the changes in COVID-19 case numbers associated with school reopenings were relatively small compared with the changes associated with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions. Twit Text FOAVip Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada ????JAMA Netw Open http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33787909 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33787909 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33787909}}</ref> Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With School Closures and Community-Based Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in Ontario, Canada #MMPMID33787909 Naimark D; Mishra S; Barrett K; Khan YA; Mac S; Ximenes R; Sander B JAMA Netw Open 2021[Mar]; 4 (3): e213793 PMID33787909show ga IMPORTANCE: Resurgent COVID-19 cases have resulted in the reinstitution of nonpharmaceutical interventions, including school closures, which can have adverse effects on families. Understanding the associations of school closures with the number of incident and cumulative COVID-19 cases is critical for decision-making. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association of schools being open or closed with the number of COVID-19 cases compared with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This decision analytical modelling study developed an agent-based transmission model using a synthetic population of 1?000?000 individuals based on the characteristics of the population of Ontario, Canada. Members of the synthetic population were clustered into households, neighborhoods, or rural districts, cities or rural regions, day care facilities, classrooms (ie, primary, elementary, or high school), colleges or universities, and workplaces. Data were analyzed between May 5, 2020, and October 20, 2020. EXPOSURES: School reopening on September 15, 2020, vs schools remaining closed under different scenarios for nonpharmaceutical interventions. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Incident and cumulative COVID-19 cases between September 1, 2020, and October 31, 2020. RESULTS: Among 1?000?000 simulated individuals, the percentage of infections among students and teachers acquired within schools was less than 5% across modeled scenarios. Incident COVID-19 case numbers on October 31, 2020, were 4414 (95% credible interval [CrI], 3491-5382) cases in the scenario with schools remaining closed and 4740 (95% CrI, 3863-5691) cases in the scenario for schools reopening, with no other community-based nonpharmaceutical intervention. In scenarios with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented, the incident case numbers on October 31 were 714 (95% CrI, 568-908) cases for schools remaining closed and 780 (95% CrI, 580-993) cases for schools reopening. When scenarios applied the case numbers observed in early October in Ontario, the cumulative case numbers were 777 (95% CrI, 621-993) cases for schools remaining closed and 803 (95% CrI, 617-990) cases for schools reopening. In scenarios with implementation of community-based interventions vs no community-based interventions, there was a mean difference of 39?355 cumulative COVID-19 cases by October 31, 2020, while keeping schools closed vs reopening them yielded a mean difference of 2040 cases. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This decision analytical modeling study of a synthetic population of individuals in Ontario, Canada, found that most COVID-19 cases in schools were due to acquisition in the community rather than transmission within schools and that the changes in COVID-19 case numbers associated with school reopenings were relatively small compared with the changes associated with community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions. |*Pandemics[MESH] |*Physical Distancing[MESH] |*Residence Characteristics[MESH] |*Schools[MESH] |COVID-19/*prevention & control/transmission[MESH] |Computer Simulation[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Models, Biological[MESH] |Ontario[MESH] |School Teachers[MESH] |Students[MESH] |Universities[MESH]Simulation-Based Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Associated With S(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing