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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 BMJ+Mil+Health 2021 ; 167 (4): 234-243 Nephropedia Template TP
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Civil-military cooperation in the early response to the COVID-19 pandemic in six European countries #MMPMID33785587
Gad M; Kazibwe J; Quirk E; Gheorghe A; Homan Z; Bricknell M
BMJ Mil Health 2021[Aug]; 167 (4): 234-243 PMID33785587show ga
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented many countries with significant health system and economic challenges. The role of civil-military cooperation in a health crisis of the magnitude presented by COVID-19 remains virtually unexplored. This review aims to detect and identify typologies, if any, of associations between security or military systems and the national response measures during the COVID-19, as adopted by six European countries during the early phase of the outbreak (January to March 2020). METHODS: We designed a structured qualitative literature review (qualitative evidence synthesis), primarily targeting open-source grey literature using a customised Google web search. Our target countries were UK, France, Spain, Italy, Belgium and Sweden. We employed a 'best fit' framework synthesis approach in qualitative analysis of the result records. RESULTS: A total of 277 result records were included in our qualitative synthesis, with an overall search relevance yield of 46%. We identified 19 distinct descriptive categories of civil-military cooperation extending across seven analytical themes. Most prominent themes included how military support was incorporated in the national COVID-19 response, including support to national health systems, military repatriation and evacuation, and support to wider public systems. CONCLUSION: Findings of this review show the significance of military systems in supporting an expansive response during the COVID-19 pandemic, and our proposed methodological approach for capturing military health data in a reproducible manner and providing a comparative view on common types of interventions provided by civil-military cooperation to inform lessons from the use of military capacities during current COVID-19 outbreak.