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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Biochem 2021 ; 170 (2): 299-306 Nephropedia Template TP
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SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding selectively accelerates substrate-specific catalytic activity of ACE2 #MMPMID33774672
Kiseleva AA; Troisi EM; Hensley SE; Kohli RM; Epstein JA
J Biochem 2021[Oct]; 170 (2): 299-306 PMID33774672show ga
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus that has given rise to the devastating global pandemic. In most cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection results in the development of viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, known as 'coronavirus disease 2019' or COVID-19. Intriguingly, besides the respiratory tract, COVID-19 affects other organs and systems of the human body. COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease have a higher risk of death, and SARS-CoV-2 infection itself may cause myocardial inflammation and injury. One possible explanation of such phenomena is the fact that SARS-CoV-2 utilizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the receptor required for viral entry. ACE2 is expressed in the cells of many organs, including the heart. ACE2 functions as a carboxypeptidase that can cleave several endogenous substrates, including angiotensin II, thus regulating blood pressure and vascular tone. It remains largely unknown if the SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the enzymatic properties of ACE2, thereby contributing to cardiovascular complications in patients with COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate that ACE2 cleavage of des-Arg9-bradykinin substrate analogue is markedly accelerated, while cleavage of angiotensin II analogue is minimally affected by the binding of spike protein. These findings may have implications for a better understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis.