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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 217.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 J+Immunol+Res 2021 ; 2021 (ä): 6659410 Nephropedia Template TP
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Hydroxychloroquine Effects on TLR Signalling: Underexposed but Unneglectable in COVID-19 #MMPMID33763494
In 't Veld AE; Jansen MAA; Ciere LCA; Moerland M
J Immunol Res 2021[]; 2021 (ä): 6659410 PMID33763494show ga
The main basis for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment in COVID-19 is the compound's ability to inhibit viral replication in vitro. HCQ also suppresses immunity, mainly by interference in TLR signalling, but reliable clinical data on the extent and nature of HCQ-induced immunosuppression are lacking. Here, we discuss the mechanistic basis for the use of HCQ against SARS-CoV-2 in a prophylactic setting and in a therapeutic setting, at different stages of the disease. We argue that the clinical effect of prophylactic or therapeutic HCQ treatment in COVID-19 depends on the balance between inhibition of viral replication, immunosuppression, and off-target side effects, and that the outcome is probably dependent on disease stage and disease severity. This is supported by the initial outcomes of the well-designed randomized controlled trials: so far, evidence for a beneficial effect of HCQ treatment for COVID-19 is weak and conflicting.