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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 215.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Vaccines+(Basel) 2021 ; 9 (2): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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COVID-19 Vaccines (Revisited) and Oral-Mucosal Vector System as a Potential Vaccine Platform #MMPMID33670630
Ashraf MU; Kim Y; Kumar S; Seo D; Ashraf M; Bae YS
Vaccines (Basel) 2021[Feb]; 9 (2): ä PMID33670630show ga
There are several emerging strategies for the vaccination of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) however, only a few have yet shown promising effects. Thus, choosing the right pathway and the best prophylactic options in preventing COVID-19 is still challenging at best. Approximately, more than two-hundred vaccines are being tested in different countries, and more than fifty clinical trials are currently undergoing. In this review, we have summarized the immune-based strategies for the development of COVID-19 vaccines and the different vaccine candidate platforms that are in clinical stages of evaluation, and up to the recently licensed mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines of Pfizer-BioNtech and Moderna's. Lastly, we have briefly included the potentials of using the 'RPS-CTP vector system' for the development of a safe and effective oral mucosal COVID-19 vaccine as another vaccine platform.