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10.3390/microorganisms9030471 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/microorganisms9030471 33668694!7996309!33668694     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Microorganisms 2021 ; 9 (3): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33668694|t=2021. Antiviral Activity of Vacuolar ATPase Blocker Diphyllin against SARS-CoV-2 |pdf=|usr=}}{{33668694}} gab.com Text Antiviral Activity of Vacuolar ATPase Blocker Diphyllin against SARS-CoV-2 JO: Microorganisms http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33668694 #FOAvip Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a causative agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide to date. Diphyllin and diphyllinosides are known as natural blockers of cellular vacuolar ATPases, and so can act as inhibitors of the pH-dependent fusion of viral envelopes with host cell endosomal membranes. Such pH-dependent fusion is a critical early step during the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle. Accordingly, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 profiles and cytotoxicities of diphyllin, diphyllinoside cleistanthin B, and two structurally related compounds, helioxanthin 8-1 and helioxanthin 5-4-2, are evaluated here using in vitro cell-based assay systems. Neither helioxanthin exhibits any obvious anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in vitro. By contrast diphyllin and cleistanthin B do exhibit anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in Vero cells, with respective 50% effective concentrations (EC(50)) values of 1.92 and 6.51 microM. Diphyllin displays anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect also in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cells. Moreover, when diphyllin is added at various times post infection, a significant decrease in viral titer is observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero cells, even at high viral multiplicities of infection. Importantly, neither diphyllin nor cleistanthin B are found cytotoxic to Vero cells in concentrations up to 100 microM. However, the cytotoxic effect of diphyllin is more pronounced in Vero E6 and CaCo-2 cells. Overall, our data demonstrate that diphyllin and diphyllin analogues might be perfected as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents in future preclinical studies, most especially if nanomedicine approaches may be invoked to optimize functional drug delivery to virus infected cells. Twit Text FOAVip Antiviral Activity of Vacuolar ATPase Blocker Diphyllin against SARS-CoV-2 ????Microorganisms http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33668694 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33668694 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33668694}}</ref> Antiviral Activity of Vacuolar ATPase Blocker Diphyllin against SARS-CoV-2 #MMPMID33668694 Stefanik M; Strakova P; Haviernik J; Miller AD; Ruzek D; Eyer L Microorganisms 2021[Feb]; 9 (3): ä PMID33668694show ga Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a causative agent of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide to date. Diphyllin and diphyllinosides are known as natural blockers of cellular vacuolar ATPases, and so can act as inhibitors of the pH-dependent fusion of viral envelopes with host cell endosomal membranes. Such pH-dependent fusion is a critical early step during the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle. Accordingly, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 profiles and cytotoxicities of diphyllin, diphyllinoside cleistanthin B, and two structurally related compounds, helioxanthin 8-1 and helioxanthin 5-4-2, are evaluated here using in vitro cell-based assay systems. Neither helioxanthin exhibits any obvious anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in vitro. By contrast diphyllin and cleistanthin B do exhibit anti-SARS-CoV-2 effects in Vero cells, with respective 50% effective concentrations (EC(50)) values of 1.92 and 6.51 microM. Diphyllin displays anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect also in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo-2) cells. Moreover, when diphyllin is added at various times post infection, a significant decrease in viral titer is observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero cells, even at high viral multiplicities of infection. Importantly, neither diphyllin nor cleistanthin B are found cytotoxic to Vero cells in concentrations up to 100 microM. However, the cytotoxic effect of diphyllin is more pronounced in Vero E6 and CaCo-2 cells. Overall, our data demonstrate that diphyllin and diphyllin analogues might be perfected as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents in future preclinical studies, most especially if nanomedicine approaches may be invoked to optimize functional drug delivery to virus infected cells. äAntiviral Activity of Vacuolar ATPase Blocker Diphyllin against SARS-C(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing