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10.1016/j.apr.2021.02.002 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.apr.2021.02.002 33584105!7867708!33584105     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Atmos+Pollut+Res 2021 ; 12 (3): 136-145 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33584105|t=2021. Global, continental, and national variation in PM(2 5), O(3), and NO(2) concentrations during the early 2020 COVID-19 lockdown |pdf=|usr=}}{{33584105}} gab.com Text Global, continental, and national variation in PM(2 5), O(3), and NO(2) concentrations during the early 2020 COVID-19 lockdown JO: Atmos Pollut Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33584105 #FOAvip Lockdowns implemented in response to COVID-19 have caused an unprecedented reduction in global economic and transport activity. In this study, variation in the concentration of health-threatening air pollutants (PM(2.5), NO(2), and O(3)) pre- and post-lockdown was investigated at global, continental, and national scales. We analyzed ground-based data from >10,000 monitoring stations in 380 cities across the globe. Global-scale results during lockdown (March to May 2020) showed that concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(2) decreased by 16.1% and 45.8%, respectively, compared to the baseline period (2015-2019). However, O(3) concentration increased by 5.4%. At the continental scale, concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(2) substantially dropped in 2020 across all continents during lockdown compared to the baseline, with a maximum reduction of 20.4% for PM(2.5) in East Asia and 42.5% for NO(2) in Europe. The maximum reduction in O(3) was observed in North America (7.8%), followed by Asia (0.7%), while small increases were found in other continents. At the national scale, PM(2.5) and NO(2) concentrations decreased significantly during lockdown, but O(3) concentration showed varying patterns among countries. We found maximum reductions of 50.8% for PM(2.5) in India and 103.5% for NO(2) in Spain. The maximum reduction in O(3) (22.5%) was found in India. Improvements in air quality were temporary as pollution levels increased in cities since lockdowns were lifted. We posit that these unprecedented changes in air pollutants were mainly attributable to reductions in traffic and industrial activities. Column reductions could also be explained by meteorological variability and a decline in emissions caused by environmental policy regulations. Our results have implications for the continued implementation of strict air quality policies and emission control strategies to improve environmental and human health. Twit Text FOAVip Global, continental, and national variation in PM(2 5), O(3), and NO(2) concentrations during the early 2020 COVID-19 lockdown ????Atmos Pollut Res http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33584105 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33584105 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33584105}}</ref> Global, continental, and national variation in PM(2 5), O(3), and NO(2) concentrations during the early 2020 COVID-19 lockdown #MMPMID33584105 He C; Hong S; Zhang L; Mu H; Xin A; Zhou Y; Liu J; Liu N; Su Y; Tian Y; Ke B; Wang Y; Yang L Atmos Pollut Res 2021[Mar]; 12 (3): 136-145 PMID33584105show ga Lockdowns implemented in response to COVID-19 have caused an unprecedented reduction in global economic and transport activity. In this study, variation in the concentration of health-threatening air pollutants (PM(2.5), NO(2), and O(3)) pre- and post-lockdown was investigated at global, continental, and national scales. We analyzed ground-based data from >10,000 monitoring stations in 380 cities across the globe. Global-scale results during lockdown (March to May 2020) showed that concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(2) decreased by 16.1% and 45.8%, respectively, compared to the baseline period (2015-2019). However, O(3) concentration increased by 5.4%. At the continental scale, concentrations of PM(2.5) and NO(2) substantially dropped in 2020 across all continents during lockdown compared to the baseline, with a maximum reduction of 20.4% for PM(2.5) in East Asia and 42.5% for NO(2) in Europe. The maximum reduction in O(3) was observed in North America (7.8%), followed by Asia (0.7%), while small increases were found in other continents. At the national scale, PM(2.5) and NO(2) concentrations decreased significantly during lockdown, but O(3) concentration showed varying patterns among countries. We found maximum reductions of 50.8% for PM(2.5) in India and 103.5% for NO(2) in Spain. The maximum reduction in O(3) (22.5%) was found in India. Improvements in air quality were temporary as pollution levels increased in cities since lockdowns were lifted. We posit that these unprecedented changes in air pollutants were mainly attributable to reductions in traffic and industrial activities. Column reductions could also be explained by meteorological variability and a decline in emissions caused by environmental policy regulations. Our results have implications for the continued implementation of strict air quality policies and emission control strategies to improve environmental and human health. äGlobal, continental, and national variation in PM(2 5), O(3), and NO(2(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing