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10.2471/BLT.20.280701 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.2471/BLT.20.280701 33551509!7856365!33551509     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Bull+World+Health+Organ 2021 ; 99 (2): 155-161 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33551509|t=2021. Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations |pdf=|usr=}}{{33551509}} gab.com Text Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations JO: Bull World Health Organ http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33551509 #FOAvip Restrictive measures imposed because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have resulted in severe social, economic and health effects. Some countries have considered the use of immunity certification as a strategy to relax these measures for people who have recovered from the infection by issuing these individuals a document, commonly called an immunity passport. This document certifies them as having protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. The World Health Organization has advised against the implementation of immunity certification at present because of uncertainty about whether long-term immunity truly exists for those who have recovered from COVID-19 and concerns over the reliability of the proposed serological test method for determining immunity. Immunity certification can only be considered if scientific thresholds for assuring immunity are met, whether based on antibodies or other criteria. However, even if immunity certification became well supported by science, it has many ethical issues in terms of different restrictions on individual liberties and its implementation process. We examine the main considerations for the ethical acceptability of immunity certification to exempt individuals from restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. As well as needing to meet robust scientific criteria, the ethical acceptability of immunity certification depends on its uses and policy objectives and the measures in place to reduce potential harms, and prevent disproportionate burdens on non-certified individuals and violation of individual liberties and rights. Twit Text FOAVip Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations ????Bull World Health Organ http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33551509 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33551509 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33551509}}</ref> Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations #MMPMID33551509 Voo TC; Reis AA; Thome B; Ho CW; Tam CC; Kelly-Cirino C; Emanuel E; Beca JP; Littler K; Smith MJ; Parker M; Kass N; Gobat N; Lei R; Upshur R; Hurst S; Munsaka S Bull World Health Organ 2021[Feb]; 99 (2): 155-161 PMID33551509show ga Restrictive measures imposed because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have resulted in severe social, economic and health effects. Some countries have considered the use of immunity certification as a strategy to relax these measures for people who have recovered from the infection by issuing these individuals a document, commonly called an immunity passport. This document certifies them as having protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. The World Health Organization has advised against the implementation of immunity certification at present because of uncertainty about whether long-term immunity truly exists for those who have recovered from COVID-19 and concerns over the reliability of the proposed serological test method for determining immunity. Immunity certification can only be considered if scientific thresholds for assuring immunity are met, whether based on antibodies or other criteria. However, even if immunity certification became well supported by science, it has many ethical issues in terms of different restrictions on individual liberties and its implementation process. We examine the main considerations for the ethical acceptability of immunity certification to exempt individuals from restrictive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. As well as needing to meet robust scientific criteria, the ethical acceptability of immunity certification depends on its uses and policy objectives and the measures in place to reduce potential harms, and prevent disproportionate burdens on non-certified individuals and violation of individual liberties and rights. |*Pandemics[MESH] |COVID-19 Serological Testing/*ethics[MESH] |COVID-19/*diagnosis[MESH] |Certification/*ethics[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Immunity, Humoral[MESH]Immunity certification for COVID-19: ethical considerations (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing