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10.3390/v13020241 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/v13020241 33546489!7913667!33546489     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Viruses 2021 ; 13 (2): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33546489|t=2021. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and Functionally Impaired in COVID-19 Patients |pdf=|usr=}}{{33546489}} gab.com Text Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and Functionally Impaired in COVID-19 Patients JO: Viruses http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33546489 #FOAvip Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), comprises mild courses of disease as well as progression to severe disease, characterised by lung and other organ failure. The immune system is considered to play a crucial role for the pathogenesis of COVID-19, although especially the contribution of innate-like T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed the phenotype and function of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate-like T cells with potent antimicrobial effector function, in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 by multicolour flow cytometry. Our data indicate that MAIT cells are highly activated in patients with COVID-19, irrespective of the course of disease, and express high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A and TNFalpha ex vivo. Of note, expression of the activation marker HLA-DR positively correlated with SAPS II score, a measure of disease severity. Upon MAIT cell-specific in vitro stimulation, MAIT cells however failed to upregulate expression of the cytokines IL-17A and TNFalpha, as well as cytolytic proteins, that is, granzyme B and perforin. Thus, our data point towards an altered cytokine expression profile alongside an impaired antibacterial and antiviral function of MAIT cells in COVID-19 and thereby contribute to the understanding of COVID-19 immunopathogenesis. Twit Text FOAVip Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and Functionally Impaired in COVID-19 Patients ????Viruses http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33546489 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33546489 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33546489}}</ref> Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and Functionally Impaired in COVID-19 Patients #MMPMID33546489 Deschler S; Kager J; Erber J; Fricke L; Koyumdzhieva P; Georgieva A; Lahmer T; Wiessner JR; Voit F; Schneider J; Horstmann J; Iakoubov R; Treiber M; Winter C; Ruland J; Busch DH; Knolle PA; Protzer U; Spinner CD; Schmid RM; Quante M; Bottcher K Viruses 2021[Feb]; 13 (2): ä PMID33546489show ga Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), comprises mild courses of disease as well as progression to severe disease, characterised by lung and other organ failure. The immune system is considered to play a crucial role for the pathogenesis of COVID-19, although especially the contribution of innate-like T cells remains poorly understood. Here, we analysed the phenotype and function of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate-like T cells with potent antimicrobial effector function, in patients with mild and severe COVID-19 by multicolour flow cytometry. Our data indicate that MAIT cells are highly activated in patients with COVID-19, irrespective of the course of disease, and express high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A and TNFalpha ex vivo. Of note, expression of the activation marker HLA-DR positively correlated with SAPS II score, a measure of disease severity. Upon MAIT cell-specific in vitro stimulation, MAIT cells however failed to upregulate expression of the cytokines IL-17A and TNFalpha, as well as cytolytic proteins, that is, granzyme B and perforin. Thus, our data point towards an altered cytokine expression profile alongside an impaired antibacterial and antiviral function of MAIT cells in COVID-19 and thereby contribute to the understanding of COVID-19 immunopathogenesis. |*Lymphocyte Activation[MESH] |Adaptive Immunity[MESH] |COVID-19/*immunology/physiopathology[MESH] |Cytokines/metabolism[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Granzymes/metabolism[MESH] |HLA-DR Antigens[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Interleukin-17/metabolism[MESH] |Killer Cells, Natural/immunology[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells/*immunology/metabolism[MESH] |Severity of Illness Index[MESH] |T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology[MESH]Mucosal-Associated Invariant T (MAIT) Cells Are Highly Activated and F(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing