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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 iScience 2021 ; 24 (2): 102116 Nephropedia Template TP
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Mutational signatures and heterogeneous host response revealed via large-scale characterization of SARS-CoV-2 genomic diversity #MMPMID33532709
Graudenzi A; Maspero D; Angaroni F; Piazza R; Ramazzotti D
iScience 2021[Feb]; 24 (2): 102116 PMID33532709show ga
To dissect the mechanisms underlying the inflation of variants in the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome, we present a large-scale analysis of intra-host genomic diversity, which reveals that most samples exhibit heterogeneous genomic architectures, due to the interplay between host-related mutational processes and transmission dynamics. The decomposition of minor variants profiles unveils three non-overlapping mutational signatures related to nucleotide substitutions and likely ruled by APOlipoprotein B Editing Complex (APOBEC), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR), highlighting heterogeneous host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infections. A corrected-for-signatures dN/dS analysis demonstrates that such mutational processes are affected by purifying selection, with important exceptions. In fact, several mutations appear to transit toward clonality, defining new clonal genotypes that increase the overall genomic diversity. Furthermore, the phylogenomic analysis shows the presence of homoplasies and supports the hypothesis of transmission of minor variants. This study paves the way for the integrated analysis of intra-host genomic diversity and clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infections.