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10.3390/biology10020094 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/biology10020094 33513850!7912280!33513850     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Biology+(Basel) 2021 ; 10 (2): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33513850|t=2021. Promising Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines against Viruses, Including SARS-CoV-2 |pdf=|usr=}}{{33513850}} gab.com Text Promising Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines against Viruses, Including SARS-CoV-2 JO: Biology (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33513850 #FOAvip Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from almost all human cells and mediate intercellular communication by transferring heterogeneous molecules (i.e., DNA, RNAs, proteins, and lipids). In this way, EVs participate in various biological processes, including immune responses. Viruses can hijack EV biogenesis systems for their dissemination, while EVs from infected cells can transfer viral proteins to uninfected cells and to immune cells in order to mask the infection or to trigger a response. Several studies have highlighted the role of native or engineered EVs in the induction of B cell and CD8(+) T cell reactions against viral proteins, strongly suggesting these antigen-presenting EVs as a novel strategy for vaccine design, including the emerging COVID-19. EV-based vaccines overcome some limitations of conventional vaccines and introduce novel unique characteristics useful in vaccine design, including higher bio-safety and efficiency as antigen-presenting systems and as adjuvants. Here, we review the state-of-the-art for antiviral EV-based vaccines, including the ongoing projects of some biotech companies in the development of EV-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we discuss the limits for further development of this promising class of therapeutic agents. Twit Text FOAVip Promising Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines against Viruses, Including SARS-CoV-2 ????Biology (Basel) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33513850 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33513850 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33513850}}</ref> Promising Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines against Viruses, Including SARS-CoV-2 #MMPMID33513850 Sabanovic B; Piva F; Cecati M; Giulietti M Biology (Basel) 2021[Jan]; 10 (2): ä PMID33513850show ga Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from almost all human cells and mediate intercellular communication by transferring heterogeneous molecules (i.e., DNA, RNAs, proteins, and lipids). In this way, EVs participate in various biological processes, including immune responses. Viruses can hijack EV biogenesis systems for their dissemination, while EVs from infected cells can transfer viral proteins to uninfected cells and to immune cells in order to mask the infection or to trigger a response. Several studies have highlighted the role of native or engineered EVs in the induction of B cell and CD8(+) T cell reactions against viral proteins, strongly suggesting these antigen-presenting EVs as a novel strategy for vaccine design, including the emerging COVID-19. EV-based vaccines overcome some limitations of conventional vaccines and introduce novel unique characteristics useful in vaccine design, including higher bio-safety and efficiency as antigen-presenting systems and as adjuvants. Here, we review the state-of-the-art for antiviral EV-based vaccines, including the ongoing projects of some biotech companies in the development of EV-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we discuss the limits for further development of this promising class of therapeutic agents. äPromising Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines against Viruses, Includ(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing