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10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06035 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06035 33495741!7817394!33495741     free     free     free Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=33495741&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! 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Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa |pdf=|usr=}}{{33495741}} gab.com Text Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa JO: Heliyon http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33495741 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: Phylogeny construction can help to reveal evolutionary relatedness among molecular sequences. The spike (S) gene of SARS-CoV-2 is the subject of an immune selective pressure which increases the variability in such region. This study aimed to identify mutations in the S gene among SARS-CoV-2 sequences collected in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), focusing on the D614G mutation, that has a presumed fitness advantage. Another aim was to analyze the S gene sequences phylogenetically. METHODS: The SARS-CoV-2 S gene sequences collected in the MENA were retrieved from the GISAID public database, together with its metadata. Mutation analysis was conducted in Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software. Phylogenetic analysis was done using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods. RESULT: A total of 553 MENA sequences were analyzed and the most frequent S gene mutations included: D614G = 435, Q677H = 8, and V6F = 5. A significant increase in the proportion of D614G was noticed from (63.0%) in February 2020, to (98.5%) in June 2020 (p < 0.001). Two large phylogenetic clusters were identified via ML analysis, which showed an evidence of inter-country mixing of sequences, which dated back to February 8, 2020 and March 15, 2020 (median estimates). The mean evolutionary rate for SARS-CoV-2 was about 6.5 x 10(-3) substitutions/site/year based on large clusters' Bayesian analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The D614G mutation appeared to be taking over the COVID-19 infections in the MENA. Bayesian analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have been circulating in MENA earlier than previously reported. Twit Text FOAVip Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa ????Heliyon http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33495741 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33495741 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33495741}}</ref> Temporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East and North Africa #MMPMID33495741 Sallam M; Ababneh NA; Dababseh D; Bakri FG; Mahafzah A Heliyon 2021[Jan]; 7 (1): e06035 PMID33495741show ga BACKGROUND: Phylogeny construction can help to reveal evolutionary relatedness among molecular sequences. The spike (S) gene of SARS-CoV-2 is the subject of an immune selective pressure which increases the variability in such region. This study aimed to identify mutations in the S gene among SARS-CoV-2 sequences collected in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), focusing on the D614G mutation, that has a presumed fitness advantage. Another aim was to analyze the S gene sequences phylogenetically. METHODS: The SARS-CoV-2 S gene sequences collected in the MENA were retrieved from the GISAID public database, together with its metadata. Mutation analysis was conducted in Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software. Phylogenetic analysis was done using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods. RESULT: A total of 553 MENA sequences were analyzed and the most frequent S gene mutations included: D614G = 435, Q677H = 8, and V6F = 5. A significant increase in the proportion of D614G was noticed from (63.0%) in February 2020, to (98.5%) in June 2020 (p < 0.001). Two large phylogenetic clusters were identified via ML analysis, which showed an evidence of inter-country mixing of sequences, which dated back to February 8, 2020 and March 15, 2020 (median estimates). The mean evolutionary rate for SARS-CoV-2 was about 6.5 x 10(-3) substitutions/site/year based on large clusters' Bayesian analyses. CONCLUSIONS: The D614G mutation appeared to be taking over the COVID-19 infections in the MENA. Bayesian analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might have been circulating in MENA earlier than previously reported. äTemporal increase in D614G mutation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Middle East a(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing