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10.1016/j.taap.2021.115412 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.taap.2021.115412 33484708!7826090!33484708     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Toxicol+Appl+Pharmacol 2021 ; 414 (ä): 115412 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=33484708|t=2021. Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress |pdf=|usr=}}{{33484708}} gab.com Text Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress JO: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33484708 #FOAvip COVID-19 is a pandemic with no end in sight. There is only one approved antiviral agent but global stocks are deemed insufficient. Despite in vitro antiviral activity, clinical trials of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were disappointing, and they may even impair outcomes. Chloroquine causes zebroid deposits reminiscent of Fabry disease (alpha-galactosidase A deficiency) and endothelial cells are key targets of COVID-19. We have explored the effect of chloroquine on cultured endothelial cells and its modulation by recombinant alpha-galactosidase A (agalsidase). Following dose-response studies, 0.5 mug/mL chloroquine was added to cultured human endothelial cells. Neutral red and Lysotracker were used to assess lysosomes. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) - MTT assay and cell stress by assessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In endothelial cells, chloroquine induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity at in vitro test concentrations for COVID-19 therapy. At a sublethal concentration, chloroquine significantly induced the accumulation of acid organelles (P < 0.05), increased ROS levels, and decreased NO production (P < 0.05). These adverse effects of chloroquine on endothelial cell biology were decreased by agalsidase-beta (P < 0.05). Chloroquine-induced endothelial cell cytotoxicity and stress is attenuated by agalsidase-beta treatment. This suggests that endothelial cell injury may contribute to the failure of chloroquine as therapy for COVID-19 and may be at least in part related to causing dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. Twit Text FOAVip Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress ????Toxicol Appl Pharmacol http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33484708 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=33484708 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|33484708}}</ref> Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunction and oxidative stress #MMPMID33484708 Gregorio P; da Cunha RS; Biagini G; Bosquetti B; Budag J; Ortiz A; Sanchez-Nino MD; Barreto FC; Stinghen AEM Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021[Mar]; 414 (ä): 115412 PMID33484708show ga COVID-19 is a pandemic with no end in sight. There is only one approved antiviral agent but global stocks are deemed insufficient. Despite in vitro antiviral activity, clinical trials of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were disappointing, and they may even impair outcomes. Chloroquine causes zebroid deposits reminiscent of Fabry disease (alpha-galactosidase A deficiency) and endothelial cells are key targets of COVID-19. We have explored the effect of chloroquine on cultured endothelial cells and its modulation by recombinant alpha-galactosidase A (agalsidase). Following dose-response studies, 0.5 mug/mL chloroquine was added to cultured human endothelial cells. Neutral red and Lysotracker were used to assess lysosomes. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) - MTT assay and cell stress by assessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). In endothelial cells, chloroquine induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity at in vitro test concentrations for COVID-19 therapy. At a sublethal concentration, chloroquine significantly induced the accumulation of acid organelles (P < 0.05), increased ROS levels, and decreased NO production (P < 0.05). These adverse effects of chloroquine on endothelial cell biology were decreased by agalsidase-beta (P < 0.05). Chloroquine-induced endothelial cell cytotoxicity and stress is attenuated by agalsidase-beta treatment. This suggests that endothelial cell injury may contribute to the failure of chloroquine as therapy for COVID-19 and may be at least in part related to causing dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A. |*COVID-19 Drug Treatment[MESH] |Cell Survival/drug effects[MESH] |Cells, Cultured[MESH] |Chloroquine/administration & dosage/*adverse effects/therapeutic use[MESH] |Endothelial Cells/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |Endothelium, Vascular/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |Fabry Disease/chemically induced[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Lysosomes/*drug effects[MESH] |Oxidative Stress/*drug effects[MESH] |Pandemics[MESH] |Reactive Oxygen Species[MESH]Chloroquine may induce endothelial injury through lysosomal dysfunctio(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing