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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 JAMA+Pediatr 2021 ; 175 (6): 586-593 Nephropedia Template TP
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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Their Parents in Southwest Germany #MMPMID33480966
Tonshoff B; Muller B; Elling R; Renk H; Meissner P; Hengel H; Garbade SF; Kieser M; Jeltsch K; Grulich-Henn J; Euler J; Stich M; Chobanyan-Jurgens K; Zernickel M; Janda A; Wolfle L; Stamminger T; Iftner T; Ganzenmueller T; Schmitt C; Gorne T; Laketa V; Olberg S; Plaszczyca A; Cortese M; Bartenschlager R; Pape C; Remme R; Huzly D; Panning M; Weigang S; Giese S; Ciminski K; Ankerhold J; Kochs G; Schwemmle M; Handgretinger R; Niemeyer CM; Engel C; Kern WV; Hoffmann GF; Franz AR; Henneke P; Debatin KM; Krausslich HG
JAMA Pediatr 2021[Jun]; 175 (6): 586-593 PMID33480966show ga
IMPORTANCE: School and daycare closures were enforced as measures to confine the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, based on the assumption that young children may play a key role in severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread. Given the grave consequences of contact restrictions for children, a better understanding of their contribution to the COVID-19 pandemic is of great importance. OBJECTIVE: To describe the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections and the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children aged 1 to 10 years, compared with a corresponding parent of each child, in a population-based sample. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This large-scale, multicenter, cross-sectional investigation (the COVID-19 BaWu study) enrolled children aged 1 to 10 years and a corresponding parent between April 22 and May 15, 2020, in southwest Germany. EXPOSURES: Potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were infection and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2. Participants were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA from nasopharyngeal swabs by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG antibodies in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunofluorescence tests. Discordant results were clarified by electrochemiluminescence immunoassays, a second enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, or an in-house Luminex-based assay. RESULTS: This study included 4964 participants: 2482 children (median age, 6 [range, 1-10] years; 1265 boys [51.0%]) and 2482 parents (median age, 40 [range, 23-66] years; 615 men [24.8%]). Two participants (0.04%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The estimated SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was low in parents (1.8% [95% CI, 1.2-2.4%]) and 3-fold lower in children (0.6% [95% CI, 0.3-1.0%]). Among 56 families with at least 1 child or parent with seropositivity, the combination of a parent with seropositivity and a corresponding child with seronegativity was 4.3 (95% CI, 1.19-15.52) times higher than the combination of a parent who was seronegative and a corresponding child with seropositivity. We observed virus-neutralizing activity for 66 of 70 IgG-positive serum samples (94.3%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study, the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection during a period of lockdown in southwest Germany was particularly low in children aged 1 to 10 years. Accordingly, it is unlikely that children have boosted the pandemic. This SARS-CoV-2 prevalence study, which appears to be the largest focusing on children, is instructive for how ad hoc mass testing provides the basis for rational political decision-making in a pandemic.
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JAMA+Pediatr 2021 ; 175 (6): 586-593
