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Mapping and role of T cell response in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice #MMPMID33464307
Zhuang Z; Lai X; Sun J; Chen Z; Zhang Z; Dai J; Liu D; Li Y; Li F; Wang Y; Zhu A; Wang J; Yang W; Huang J; Li X; Hu L; Wen L; Zhuo J; Zhang Y; Chen D; Li S; Huang S; Shi Y; Zheng K; Zhong N; Zhao J; Zhou D; Zhao J
J Exp Med 2021[Apr]; 218 (4): ä PMID33464307show ga
Virus-specific T cells play essential roles in protection against multiple virus infections, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. While SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells have been identified in COVID-19 patients, their role in the protection of SARS-CoV-2-infected mice is not established. Here, using mice sensitized for infection with SARS-CoV-2 by transduction with an adenovirus expressing the human receptor (Ad5-hACE2), we identified SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell epitopes recognized by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Virus-specific T cells were polyfunctional and were able to lyse target cells in vivo. Further, type I interferon pathway was proved to be critical for generating optimal antiviral T cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection. T cell vaccination alone partially protected SARS-CoV-2-infected mice from severe disease. In addition, the results demonstrated cross-reactive T cell responses between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, but not MERS-CoV, in mice. Understanding the role of the T cell response will guide immunopathogenesis studies of COVID-19 and vaccine design and validation.