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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Scand+J+Trauma+Resusc+Emerg+Med 2021 ; 29 (1): 16 Nephropedia Template TP
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Pre-hospital critical care management of severe hypoxemia in victims of Covid-19: a case series #MMPMID33436033
Maehlen JO; Mikalsen R; Heimdal HJ; Rehn M; Hagemo JS; Ottestad W
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2021[Jan]; 29 (1): 16 PMID33436033show ga
OBJECTIVE: Despite critical hypoxemia, Covid-19 patients may present without proportional signs of respiratory distress. We report three patients with critical respiratory failure due to Covid-19, in which all presented with severe hypoxemia refractory to supplemental oxygen therapy. We discuss possible strategies for ventilatory support in the emergency pre-hospital setting, and point out some pitfalls regarding the management of these patients. Guidelines for pre-hospital care of critically ill Covid-19 patients cannot be established based on the current evidence base, and we have to apply our understanding of respiratory physiology and mechanics in order to optimize respiratory support. METHODS: Three cases with similar clinical presentation were identified within the Norwegian national helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) system. The HEMS units are manned by a consultant anaesthesiologist. Patient's next of kin and the Regional committee for medical and health research ethics approved the publication of this report. CONCLUSION: Patients with Covid-19 and severe hypoxemia may pose a considerable challenge for the pre-hospital emergency medical services. Intubation may be associated with a high risk of complications in these patients and should be carried out with diligence when considered necessary. The following interventions are worth considering in Covid-19 patients with refractory hypoxemia before proceeding to intubation. First, administering oxygen via a tight fitting BVM with an oxygen flow rate that exceeds the patient's ventilatory minute volume. Second, applying continuous positive airway pressure, while simultaneously maintaining a high FiO(2). Finally, assuming the patient is cooperative, repositioning to prone position.