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10.1073/pnas.2012156117 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1073/pnas.2012156117 32978297!7568291!32978297     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Proc+Natl+Acad+Sci+U+S+A 2020 ; 117 (41): 25237-25245 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=32978297|t=2020. Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreading of virus |pdf=|usr=}}{{32978297}} gab.com Text Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreading of virus JO: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32978297 #FOAvip Many scientific reports document that asymptomatic and presymptomatic individuals contribute to the spread of COVID-19, probably during conversations in social interactions. Droplet emission occurs during speech, yet few studies document the flow to provide the transport mechanism. This lack of understanding prevents informed public health guidance for risk reduction and mitigation strategies, e.g., the "6-foot rule." Here we analyze flows during breathing and speaking, including phonetic features, using orders-of-magnitude estimates, numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments. We document the spatiotemporal structure of the expelled airflow. Phonetic characteristics of plosive sounds like "P" lead to enhanced directed transport, including jet-like flows that entrain the surrounding air. We highlight three distinct temporal scaling laws for the transport distance of exhaled material including 1) transport over a short distance (<0.5 m) in a fraction of a second, with large angular variations due to the complexity of speech; 2) a longer distance, approximately 1 m, where directed transport is driven by individual vortical puffs corresponding to plosive sounds; and 3) a distance out to about 2 m, or even farther, where sequential plosives in a sentence, corresponding effectively to a train of puffs, create conical, jet-like flows. The latter dictates the long-time transport in a conversation. We believe that this work will inform thinking about the role of ventilation, aerosol transport in disease transmission for humans and other animals, and yield a better understanding of linguistic aerodynamics, i.e., aerophonetics. Twit Text FOAVip Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreading of virus ????Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32978297 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32978297 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|32978297}}</ref> Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreading of virus #MMPMID32978297 Abkarian M; Mendez S; Xue N; Yang F; Stone HA Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020[Oct]; 117 (41): 25237-25245 PMID32978297show ga Many scientific reports document that asymptomatic and presymptomatic individuals contribute to the spread of COVID-19, probably during conversations in social interactions. Droplet emission occurs during speech, yet few studies document the flow to provide the transport mechanism. This lack of understanding prevents informed public health guidance for risk reduction and mitigation strategies, e.g., the "6-foot rule." Here we analyze flows during breathing and speaking, including phonetic features, using orders-of-magnitude estimates, numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments. We document the spatiotemporal structure of the expelled airflow. Phonetic characteristics of plosive sounds like "P" lead to enhanced directed transport, including jet-like flows that entrain the surrounding air. We highlight three distinct temporal scaling laws for the transport distance of exhaled material including 1) transport over a short distance (<0.5 m) in a fraction of a second, with large angular variations due to the complexity of speech; 2) a longer distance, approximately 1 m, where directed transport is driven by individual vortical puffs corresponding to plosive sounds; and 3) a distance out to about 2 m, or even farther, where sequential plosives in a sentence, corresponding effectively to a train of puffs, create conical, jet-like flows. The latter dictates the long-time transport in a conversation. We believe that this work will inform thinking about the role of ventilation, aerosol transport in disease transmission for humans and other animals, and yield a better understanding of linguistic aerodynamics, i.e., aerophonetics. |*Asymptomatic Infections[MESH] |Aerosols[MESH] |Air Movements[MESH] |Betacoronavirus/*physiology[MESH] |COVID-19[MESH] |Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control/*transmission/virology[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Models, Theoretical[MESH] |Pandemics/prevention & control[MESH] |Phonetics[MESH] |Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control/*transmission/virology[MESH] |Respiration[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2[MESH] |Speech/*physiology[MESH]Speech can produce jet-like transport relevant to asymptomatic spreadi(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing