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Single-cell landscape of immunological responses in patients with COVID-19 #MMPMID32788748
Zhang JY; Wang XM; Xing X; Xu Z; Zhang C; Song JW; Fan X; Xia P; Fu JL; Wang SY; Xu RN; Dai XP; Shi L; Huang L; Jiang TJ; Shi M; Zhang Y; Zumla A; Maeurer M; Bai F; Wang FS
Nat Immunol 2020[Sep]; 21 (9): 1107-1118 PMID32788748show ga
In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the relationship between disease severity and the host immune response is not fully understood. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing in peripheral blood samples of 5 healthy donors and 13 patients with COVID-19, including moderate, severe and convalescent cases. Through determining the transcriptional profiles of immune cells, coupled with assembled T cell receptor and B cell receptor sequences, we analyzed the functional properties of immune cells. Most cell types in patients with COVID-19 showed a strong interferon-alpha response and an overall acute inflammatory response. Moreover, intensive expansion of highly cytotoxic effector T cell subsets, such as CD4(+) effector-GNLY (granulysin), CD8(+) effector-GNLY and NKT CD160, was associated with convalescence in moderate patients. In severe patients, the immune landscape featured a deranged interferon response, profound immune exhaustion with skewed T cell receptor repertoire and broad T cell expansion. These findings illustrate the dynamic nature of immune responses during disease progression.