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Approach to Nutrition in Cancer Patients in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Perspectives #MMPMID32696665
Garofolo A; Qiao L; Maia-Lemos PDS
Nutr Cancer 2021[]; 73 (8): 1293-1301 PMID32696665show ga
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic that originated in China in December 2019. Cancer patients are immunosuppressed and very susceptive to acquiring infections; thus, they are at greater risk of developing more severe forms of COVID-19. People infected with COVID-19 display increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Excessive inflammation may cause damage to the body's tissues, thereby potentially contributing to alveolar damage and the severity of COVID-19. We hypothesize that since a pro-inflammatory state may worsen COVID-19 prognosis, modulating systemic inflammation through dietary modification may be efficacious in improving the clinical sequelae of COVID-19. The aim of this review is to present current nutritional and dietary approaches in the context of inflammation with a specific focus on cancer patients with and without COVID-19. The main topics reviewed include nutrition in inflammation and immunity. A systematic literature search on Google Scholar, Medline, and PubMed databases was performed between March 22, 2020 and May 6, 2020 using the keywords "COVID-19," "coronavirus," "cancer," "inflammation," "probiotics," "vitamin D," and "nutrition prevention." Healthy dietary habits, omega-3-rich diets, probiotics use, and vitamin D supplementation, as well as obesity prevention, are likely the most efficacious preventive approaches to controlling hyperinflammation, improving immune function, and decreasing the severity of inflammatory diseases.