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10.1172/jci.insight.140329 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1172/jci.insight.140329 32687484!7526441!32687484     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 229.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       JCI+Insight 2020 ; 5 (17): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=32687484|t=2020. Severe immunosuppression and not a cytokine storm characterizes COVID-19 infections |pdf=|usr=}}{{32687484}} gab.com Text Severe immunosuppression and not a cytokine storm characterizes COVID-19 infections JO: JCI Insight http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32687484 #FOAvip COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality have been attributed to a pathologic host response. Two divergent hypotheses have been proposed: hyperinflammatory cytokine storm; and failure of host protective immunity that results in unrestrained viral dissemination and organ injury. A key explanation for the inability to address this controversy has been the lack of diagnostic tools to evaluate immune function in COVID-19 infections. ELISpot, a highly sensitive, functional immunoassay, was employed in 27 patients with COVID-19, 51 patients with sepsis, 18 critically ill nonseptic (CINS) patients, and 27 healthy control volunteers to evaluate adaptive and innate immune status by quantitating T cell IFN-? and monocyte TFN-alpha production. Circulating T cell subsets were profoundly reduced in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, stimulated blood mononuclear cells produced less than 40%-50% of the IFN-? and TNF-alpha observed in septic and CINS patients, consistent with markedly impaired immune effector cell function. Approximately 25% of COVID-19 patients had increased IL-6 levels that were not associated with elevations in other canonical proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that COVID-19 suppresses host functional adaptive and innate immunity. Importantly, IL-7 administered ex vivo restored T cell IFN-? production in COVID-19 patients. Thus, ELISpot may functionally characterize host immunity in COVID-19 and inform prospective therapies. Twit Text FOAVip Severe immunosuppression and not a cytokine storm characterizes COVID-19 infections ????JCI Insight http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32687484 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32687484 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|32687484}}</ref> Severe immunosuppression and not a cytokine storm characterizes COVID-19 infections #MMPMID32687484 Remy KE; Mazer M; Striker DA; Ellebedy AH; Walton AH; Unsinger J; Blood TM; Mudd PA; Yi DJ; Mannion DA; Osborne DF; Martin RS; Anand NJ; Bosanquet JP; Blood J; Drewry AM; Caldwell CC; Turnbull IR; Brakenridge SC; Moldwawer LL; Hotchkiss RS JCI Insight 2020[Sep]; 5 (17): ä PMID32687484show ga COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality have been attributed to a pathologic host response. Two divergent hypotheses have been proposed: hyperinflammatory cytokine storm; and failure of host protective immunity that results in unrestrained viral dissemination and organ injury. A key explanation for the inability to address this controversy has been the lack of diagnostic tools to evaluate immune function in COVID-19 infections. ELISpot, a highly sensitive, functional immunoassay, was employed in 27 patients with COVID-19, 51 patients with sepsis, 18 critically ill nonseptic (CINS) patients, and 27 healthy control volunteers to evaluate adaptive and innate immune status by quantitating T cell IFN-? and monocyte TFN-alpha production. Circulating T cell subsets were profoundly reduced in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, stimulated blood mononuclear cells produced less than 40%-50% of the IFN-? and TNF-alpha observed in septic and CINS patients, consistent with markedly impaired immune effector cell function. Approximately 25% of COVID-19 patients had increased IL-6 levels that were not associated with elevations in other canonical proinflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that COVID-19 suppresses host functional adaptive and innate immunity. Importantly, IL-7 administered ex vivo restored T cell IFN-? production in COVID-19 patients. Thus, ELISpot may functionally characterize host immunity in COVID-19 and inform prospective therapies. |Adaptive Immunity/*immunology[MESH] |Adolescent[MESH] |Adult[MESH] |Aged[MESH] |Aged, 80 and over[MESH] |Betacoronavirus[MESH] |COVID-19[MESH] |Case-Control Studies[MESH] |Coronavirus Infections/*immunology[MESH] |Critical Illness[MESH] |Cytokine Release Syndrome/*immunology[MESH] |Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Healthy Volunteers[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Immune Tolerance/*immunology[MESH] |Immunity, Innate/*immunology[MESH] |Interferon-gamma/immunology/metabolism[MESH] |Interleukin-6/immunology[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Monocytes/immunology/metabolism[MESH] |Pandemics[MESH] |Pneumonia, Viral/*immunology[MESH] |SARS-CoV-2[MESH] |Sepsis/*immunology[MESH] |T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology/metabolism[MESH] |T-Lymphocytes/immunology/metabolism[MESH] |Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology/metabolism[MESH]Severe immunosuppression and not a cytokine storm characterizes COVID-(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing