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Isolation of SARS-CoV-2-related coronavirus from Malayan pangolins #MMPMID32380510
Xiao K; Zhai J; Feng Y; Zhou N; Zhang X; Zou JJ; Li N; Guo Y; Li X; Shen X; Zhang Z; Shu F; Huang W; Li Y; Zhang Z; Chen RA; Wu YJ; Peng SM; Huang M; Xie WJ; Cai QH; Hou FH; Chen W; Xiao L; Shen Y
Nature 2020[Jul]; 583 (7815): 286-289 PMID32380510show ga
The current outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) poses unprecedented challenges to global health(1). The new coronavirus responsible for this outbreak-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-shares high sequence identity to SARS-CoV and a bat coronavirus, RaTG13(2). Although bats may be the reservoir host for a variety of coronaviruses(3,4), it remains unknown whether SARS-CoV-2 has additional host species. Here we show that a coronavirus, which we name pangolin-CoV, isolated from a Malayan pangolin has 100%, 98.6%, 97.8% and 90.7% amino acid identity with SARS-CoV-2 in the E, M, N and S proteins, respectively. In particular, the receptor-binding domain of the S protein of pangolin-CoV is almost identical to that of SARS-CoV-2, with one difference in a noncritical amino acid. Our comparative genomic analysis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may have originated in the recombination of a virus similar to pangolin-CoV with one similar to RaTG13. Pangolin-CoV was detected in 17 out of the 25 Malayan pangolins that we analysed. Infected pangolins showed clinical signs and histological changes, and circulating antibodies against pangolin-CoV reacted with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2. The isolation of a coronavirus from pangolins that is closely related to SARS-CoV-2 suggests that these animals have the potential to act as an intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2. This newly identified coronavirus from pangolins-the most-trafficked mammal in the illegal wildlife trade-could represent a future threat to public health if wildlife trade is not effectively controlled.
Nature 2020 ; 583 (7815): 286-289
