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Development of CRISPR as an Antiviral Strategy to Combat SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza #MMPMID32353252
Abbott TR; Dhamdhere G; Liu Y; Lin X; Goudy L; Zeng L; Chemparathy A; Chmura S; Heaton NS; Debs R; Pande T; Endy D; La Russa MF; Lewis DB; Qi LS
Cell 2020[May]; 181 (4): 865-876.e12 PMID32353252show ga
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has highlighted the need for antiviral approaches that can target emerging viruses with no effective vaccines or pharmaceuticals. Here, we demonstrate a CRISPR-Cas13-based strategy, PAC-MAN (prophylactic antiviral CRISPR in human cells), for viral inhibition that can effectively degrade RNA from SARS-CoV-2 sequences and live influenza A virus (IAV) in human lung epithelial cells. We designed and screened CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) targeting conserved viral regions and identified functional crRNAs targeting SARS-CoV-2. This approach effectively reduced H1N1 IAV load in respiratory epithelial cells. Our bioinformatic analysis showed that a group of only six crRNAs can target more than 90% of all coronaviruses. With the development of a safe and effective system for respiratory tract delivery, PAC-MAN has the potential to become an important pan-coronavirus inhibition strategy.