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10.1038/s41598-020-64264-1 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/s41598-020-64264-1 32350357!7190632!32350357     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 245.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Sci+Rep 2020 ; 10 (1): 7257 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=32350357|t=2020. Selection of viral variants during persistent infection of insectivorous bat cells with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus |pdf=|usr=}}{{32350357}} gab.com Text Selection of viral variants during persistent infection of insectivorous bat cells with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus JO: Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32350357 #FOAvip Coronaviruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) are speculated to have originated in bats. The mechanisms by which these viruses are maintained in individuals or populations of reservoir bats remain an enigma. Mathematical models have predicted long-term persistent infection with low levels of periodic shedding as a likely route for virus maintenance and spillover from bats. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that bat cells and MERS coronavirus (CoV) can co-exist in vitro. To test our hypothesis, we established a long-term coronavirus infection model of bat cells that are persistently infected with MERS-CoV. We infected cells from Eptesicus fuscus with MERS-CoV and maintained them in culture for at least 126 days. We characterized the persistently infected cells by detecting virus particles, protein and transcripts. Basal levels of type I interferon in the long-term infected bat cells were higher, relative to uninfected cells, and disrupting the interferon response in persistently infected bat cells increased virus replication. By sequencing the whole genome of MERS-CoV from persistently infected bat cells, we identified that bat cells repeatedly selected for viral variants that contained mutations in the viral open reading frame 5 (ORF5) protein. Furthermore, bat cells that were persistently infected with DeltaORF5 MERS-CoV were resistant to superinfection by wildtype virus, likely due to reduced levels of the virus receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and higher basal levels of interferon in these cells. In summary, our study provides evidence for a model of coronavirus persistence in bats, along with the establishment of a unique persistently infected cell culture model to study MERS-CoV-bat interactions. Twit Text FOAVip Selection of viral variants during persistent infection of insectivorous bat cells with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ????Sci Rep http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32350357 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=32350357 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|32350357}}</ref> Selection of viral variants during persistent infection of insectivorous bat cells with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus #MMPMID32350357 Banerjee A; Subudhi S; Rapin N; Lew J; Jain R; Falzarano D; Misra V Sci Rep 2020[Apr]; 10 (1): 7257 PMID32350357show ga Coronaviruses that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) are speculated to have originated in bats. The mechanisms by which these viruses are maintained in individuals or populations of reservoir bats remain an enigma. Mathematical models have predicted long-term persistent infection with low levels of periodic shedding as a likely route for virus maintenance and spillover from bats. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that bat cells and MERS coronavirus (CoV) can co-exist in vitro. To test our hypothesis, we established a long-term coronavirus infection model of bat cells that are persistently infected with MERS-CoV. We infected cells from Eptesicus fuscus with MERS-CoV and maintained them in culture for at least 126 days. We characterized the persistently infected cells by detecting virus particles, protein and transcripts. Basal levels of type I interferon in the long-term infected bat cells were higher, relative to uninfected cells, and disrupting the interferon response in persistently infected bat cells increased virus replication. By sequencing the whole genome of MERS-CoV from persistently infected bat cells, we identified that bat cells repeatedly selected for viral variants that contained mutations in the viral open reading frame 5 (ORF5) protein. Furthermore, bat cells that were persistently infected with DeltaORF5 MERS-CoV were resistant to superinfection by wildtype virus, likely due to reduced levels of the virus receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and higher basal levels of interferon in these cells. In summary, our study provides evidence for a model of coronavirus persistence in bats, along with the establishment of a unique persistently infected cell culture model to study MERS-CoV-bat interactions. |*Point Mutation[MESH] |Animals[MESH] |Chiroptera/anatomy & histology/*virology[MESH] |Chlorocebus aethiops[MESH] |Coronavirus Infections/*virology[MESH] |Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins[MESH] |Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/metabolism[MESH] |Eulipotyphla/anatomy & histology/*virology[MESH] |Fibroblasts/metabolism/*virology[MESH] |Genome, Viral/genetics[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Interferon Regulatory Factor-3/genetics/metabolism[MESH] |Interferon Type I/metabolism[MESH] |Kidney/cytology[MESH] |Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus/*genetics[MESH] |Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism[MESH] |Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics[MESH] |Open Reading Frames/*genetics[MESH] |Receptors, Virus/metabolism[MESH] |Transfection[MESH] |Vero Cells[MESH] |Virus Replication/genetics[MESH]Selection of viral variants during persistent infection of insectivoro(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing