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10.18632/oncotarget.22690 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.18632/oncotarget.22690 29299180!5746415!29299180     free     free     free       Oncotarget 2017 ; 8 (66): 110693-110707 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29299180|t=2017. Regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade |pdf=|usr=}}{{29299180}} gab.com Text Regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade JO: Oncotarget http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29299180 #FOAvip Immune checkpoint blockades, such as inhibitors against programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have received extensive attention in the past decade because of their dramatic clinical outcomes in advanced malignancies. However, both primary and acquired resistance becomes one of the major obstacles, which greatly limits the long-lasting effects and wide application of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy. PD-1/PD-L1 both regulates and is regulated by cellular signaling pathways and epigenetic modification, thus inhibiting the proliferation and effector function of T and B cells. The lack of tumor antigens and effective antigen presentation, aberrant activation of oncogenic pathways, mutations in IFN-gamma signaling, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment such as regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M2 macrophages, and immunoinhibitory cytokines can lead to resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. In this review, we describe PD-1 related signaling pathways, essential factors contributing to the resistance of PD-1 blockade, and discuss strategies to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of combined epigenetic therapy with PD-1 blockade as a potential promising approach for cancer treatment. Twit Text FOAVip Regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade ????Oncotarget http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29299180 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29299180 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29299180}}</ref> Regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade #MMPMID29299180 Bai J; Gao Z; Li X; Dong L; Han W; Nie J Oncotarget 2017[Dec]; 8 (66): 110693-110707 PMID29299180show ga Immune checkpoint blockades, such as inhibitors against programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have received extensive attention in the past decade because of their dramatic clinical outcomes in advanced malignancies. However, both primary and acquired resistance becomes one of the major obstacles, which greatly limits the long-lasting effects and wide application of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy. PD-1/PD-L1 both regulates and is regulated by cellular signaling pathways and epigenetic modification, thus inhibiting the proliferation and effector function of T and B cells. The lack of tumor antigens and effective antigen presentation, aberrant activation of oncogenic pathways, mutations in IFN-gamma signaling, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment such as regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M2 macrophages, and immunoinhibitory cytokines can lead to resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. In this review, we describe PD-1 related signaling pathways, essential factors contributing to the resistance of PD-1 blockade, and discuss strategies to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of combined epigenetic therapy with PD-1 blockade as a potential promising approach for cancer treatment. ?Regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing