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10.1186/s40478-017-0483-z http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1186/s40478-017-0483-z 29126430/?report=reader!6389215!29126430     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 231.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 265.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Acta+Neuropathol+Commun 2017 ; 5 (1): 80 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29126430|t=2017. Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage in a rat model of low-energy blast-induced TBI |pdf=|usr=}}{{29126430}} gab.com Text Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage in a rat model of low-energy blast-induced TBI JO: Acta Neuropathol Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29126430 #FOAvip Blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a common cause of injury in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Blast waves can damage blood vessels, neurons, and glial cells within the brain. Acutely, depending on the blast energy, blast wave duration, and number of exposures, blast waves disrupt the blood-brain barrier, triggering microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Recently, there has been much interest in the role that ongoing neuroinflammation may play in the chronic effects of TBI. Here, we investigated whether chronic neuroinflammation is present in a rat model of repetitive low-energy blast exposure. Six weeks after three 74.5-kPa blast exposures, and in the absence of hemorrhage, no significant alteration in the level of microglia activation was found. At 6 weeks after blast exposure, plasma levels of fractalkine, interleukin-1beta, lipopolysaccharide-inducible CXC chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased. However, no differences in cytokine levels were detected between blast-exposed and control rats at 40 weeks. In brain, isolated changes were seen in levels of selected cytokines at 6 weeks following blast exposure, but none of these changes was found in both hemispheres or at 40 weeks after blast exposure. Notably, one animal with a focal hemorrhagic tear showed chronic microglial activation around the lesion 16 weeks post-blast exposure. These findings suggest that focal hemorrhage can trigger chronic focal neuroinflammation following blast-induced TBI, but that in the absence of hemorrhage, chronic neuroinflammation is not a general feature of low-level blast injury. Twit Text FOAVip Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage in a rat model of low-energy blast-induced TBI ????Acta Neuropathol Commun http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29126430 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29126430 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29126430}}</ref> Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage in a rat model of low-energy blast-induced TBI #MMPMID29126430 Gama Sosa MA; De Gasperi R; Perez Garcia GS; Sosa H; Searcy C; Vargas D; Janssen PL; Perez GM; Tschiffely AE; Janssen WG; McCarron RM; Hof PR; Haghighi FG; Ahlers ST; Elder GA Acta Neuropathol Commun 2017[Nov]; 5 (1): 80 PMID29126430show ga Blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a common cause of injury in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Blast waves can damage blood vessels, neurons, and glial cells within the brain. Acutely, depending on the blast energy, blast wave duration, and number of exposures, blast waves disrupt the blood-brain barrier, triggering microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Recently, there has been much interest in the role that ongoing neuroinflammation may play in the chronic effects of TBI. Here, we investigated whether chronic neuroinflammation is present in a rat model of repetitive low-energy blast exposure. Six weeks after three 74.5-kPa blast exposures, and in the absence of hemorrhage, no significant alteration in the level of microglia activation was found. At 6 weeks after blast exposure, plasma levels of fractalkine, interleukin-1beta, lipopolysaccharide-inducible CXC chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased. However, no differences in cytokine levels were detected between blast-exposed and control rats at 40 weeks. In brain, isolated changes were seen in levels of selected cytokines at 6 weeks following blast exposure, but none of these changes was found in both hemispheres or at 40 weeks after blast exposure. Notably, one animal with a focal hemorrhagic tear showed chronic microglial activation around the lesion 16 weeks post-blast exposure. These findings suggest that focal hemorrhage can trigger chronic focal neuroinflammation following blast-induced TBI, but that in the absence of hemorrhage, chronic neuroinflammation is not a general feature of low-level blast injury. |Animals[MESH] |Brain Injuries, Traumatic/*complications/etiology/pathology[MESH] |Cerebral Cortex/pathology[MESH] |Chemokine CCL3/metabolism[MESH] |Chemokine CCL5/metabolism[MESH] |Cytokines/*metabolism[MESH] |Disease Models, Animal[MESH] |Encephalitis/*etiology[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Hippocampus/pathology[MESH] |Intracranial Hemorrhages/*complications/*etiology[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Mice[MESH] |Mice, Inbred C57BL[MESH] |Mice, Transgenic[MESH] |Microglia/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |Mutation/genetics[MESH] |Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism[MESH]Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage i(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing