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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 302.79999999999995 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Reprod+Sci 2018 ; 25 (8): 1224-1230 Nephropedia Template TP
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The Effects of Magnesium Sulfate on the Inflammatory Response of Placentas Perfused With Lipopolysaccharide: Using the Ex Vivo Dual-Perfused Human Single-Cotyledon Model #MMPMID29113582
Kovo M; Mevorach-Zussman N; Khatib N; Ginsberg Y; Divon M; Weiner Z; Bar J; Beloosesky R
Reprod Sci 2018[Aug]; 25 (8): 1224-1230 PMID29113582show ga
OBJECTIVES: Multiple mechanisms have been proposed for the neuroprotective effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)). We aimed to examine the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and MgSO(4) on the placental expression of nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB), interleukin (IL) 6, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS); all known to participate in the inflammatory cascade. METHODS: Placentas were obtained and selected cotyledons cannulated and dually perfused ex vivo. Placentas were perfused with 4 perfusion protocols: culture medium (M-199; controls), LPS (1 mug/mL), MgSO(4) (6 g/dL), and LPS + MgSO(4). Each perfusion experiment continued for 3 hours. Sixteen perfusion experiments were analyzed, 4 separate placentas were studied for each protocol. The protein levels in the perfused cotyledons were studied by Western blot analysis and compared between the groups. Interleukin 6 levels were studied in the maternal and fetal perfusate. RESULTS: The expression of NF-kappaB p65, IL-6, ACTH, and NOS proteins levels were significantly increased in placentas perfused with LPS as compared to placentas perfused with M-199, MgSO(4) ( P < .01 for all). Placentas perfused with LPS+ MgSO(4) had similar proteins levels as in the controls and MgSO(4) groups. Lipopolysaccharide significantly increased IL-6 levels in maternal perfusate. CONCLUSIONS: In the human placenta, MgSO(4) blocks the increase in the proteins levels of NF-kappaB, IL-6, ACTH, and NOS in response to inflammatory stimuli. Magnesium sulfate attenuates excessive placental inflammatory response. The decrease in placental ACTH levels following perfusion with MgSO(4) may point to an additional non-anti-inflammatory mechanism of MgSO(4).