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10.1111/add.13324 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1111/add.13324 27265421/?report=reader!5573873!27265421     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Addiction 2016 ; 111 (7): 1160-74 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=27265421|t=2016. Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review |pdf=|usr=}}{{27265421}} gab.com Text Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review JO: Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27265421 #FOAvip BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Since its market release, gabapentin has been presumed to have no abuse potential and subsequently has been prescribed widely off-label, despite increasing reports of gabapentin misuse. This review estimates and describes the prevalence and effects of, motivations behind and risk factors for gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion. METHODS: Databases were searched for peer-reviewed papers demonstrating gabapentin misuse, characterized by taking a larger dosage than prescribed or taking gabapentin without a prescription, and diversion. All types of studies were considered; grey literature was excluded. Thirty-three papers met inclusion criteria, consisting of 23 case studies and 11 epidemiological reports. Published reports came from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, India, South Africa and France, and two analyzed websites not specific to a particular country. RESULTS: Prevalence of gabapentin misuse in the general population was reported to be 1%, 40-65% among individuals with prescriptions and between 15 and 22% within populations of people who abuse opioids. An array of subjective experiences reminiscent of opioids, benzodiazepines and psychedelics were reported over a range of doses, including those within clinical recommendations. Gabapentin was misused primarily for recreational purposes, self-medication or intentional self-harm and was misused alone or in combination with other substances, especially opioids, benzodiazepines and/or alcohol. Individuals with histories of drug abuse were most often involved in its misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological and case report evidence suggests that the anti-epileptic and analgesic medication gabapentin is being misused internationally, with substance abuse populations at special risk for misuse/abuse. Twit Text FOAVip Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review ????Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27265421 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=27265421 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|27265421}}</ref> Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review #MMPMID27265421 Smith RV; Havens JR; Walsh SL Addiction 2016[Jul]; 111 (7): 1160-74 PMID27265421show ga BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Since its market release, gabapentin has been presumed to have no abuse potential and subsequently has been prescribed widely off-label, despite increasing reports of gabapentin misuse. This review estimates and describes the prevalence and effects of, motivations behind and risk factors for gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion. METHODS: Databases were searched for peer-reviewed papers demonstrating gabapentin misuse, characterized by taking a larger dosage than prescribed or taking gabapentin without a prescription, and diversion. All types of studies were considered; grey literature was excluded. Thirty-three papers met inclusion criteria, consisting of 23 case studies and 11 epidemiological reports. Published reports came from the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Finland, India, South Africa and France, and two analyzed websites not specific to a particular country. RESULTS: Prevalence of gabapentin misuse in the general population was reported to be 1%, 40-65% among individuals with prescriptions and between 15 and 22% within populations of people who abuse opioids. An array of subjective experiences reminiscent of opioids, benzodiazepines and psychedelics were reported over a range of doses, including those within clinical recommendations. Gabapentin was misused primarily for recreational purposes, self-medication or intentional self-harm and was misused alone or in combination with other substances, especially opioids, benzodiazepines and/or alcohol. Individuals with histories of drug abuse were most often involved in its misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Epidemiological and case report evidence suggests that the anti-epileptic and analgesic medication gabapentin is being misused internationally, with substance abuse populations at special risk for misuse/abuse. |*Amines[MESH] |*Analgesics[MESH] |*Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids[MESH] |*gamma-Aminobutyric Acid[MESH] |Gabapentin[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Prescription Drug Diversion/*statistics & numerical data[MESH] |Prescription Drug Misuse/*statistics & numerical data[MESH] |Prevalence[MESH]Gabapentin misuse, abuse and diversion: a systematic review (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing