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Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Am+J+Drug+Alcohol+Abuse 2015 ; 41 (2): 146-52 Nephropedia Template TP
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Impact of acute guanfacine administration on stress and cue reactivity in cocaine-dependent individuals #MMPMID25140866
Moran-Santa Maria MM; Baker NL; Ramakrishnan V; Brady KT; McRae-Clark A
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2015[Mar]; 41 (2): 146-52 PMID25140866show ga
BACKGROUND: Stress and drug-paired cues increase drug craving and noradrenergic activity in cocaine-dependent individuals. Thus, medications that attenuate noradrenergic activity may be effective therapeutic treatment options for cocaine-dependent individuals. OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of acute administration of the alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist guanfacine on responses to multiple risk factors for relapse in cocaine-dependent individuals. METHODS: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, cocaine-dependent individuals (n = 84), were randomized to receive either 2 mg guanfacine (n = 50) or placebo (n = 34). Within each treatment arm, subjects were randomized to either a stress (guanfacine n = 26; placebo n = 15) or a no-stress (guanfacine n = 24; placebo n = 19) group. Participants in the stress group performed the Trier Social Stress Test. Subjects in each group were exposed to a neutral cue and then to cocaine-related cues. Plasma cortisol and subjective responses were compared between the four groups. RESULTS: The no-stress guanfacine group reported greater craving in response to cocaine cues as compared to the neutral cue (p < 0.001). The guanfacine stress group reported greater subjective stress at the neutral cue than at baseline (p = 0.032). The cocaine cue increased subjective stress in the guanfacine (p < 0.001) no-stress group. There were no effects of guanfacine on cortisol levels in either the stress or no stress groups (all p > 0.70). CONCLUSION: This study found no effects of a single 2 mg dose of guanfacine on reactivity to stress and cues alone or on the interaction of stress and drug cues. In cocaine-dependent individuals an acute 2 mg dose of guanfacine may not be an effective therapeutic treatment strategy.