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10.1111/add.12403 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1111/add.12403 24329936/?report=reader!3945155!24329936     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 243.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Addiction 2014 ; 109 (3): 460-71 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=24329936|t=2014. Striatum and insula dysfunction during reinforcement learning differentiates abstinent and relapsed methamphetamine-dependent individuals |pdf=|usr=}}{{24329936}} gab.com Text Striatum and insula dysfunction during reinforcement learning differentiates abstinent and relapsed methamphetamine-dependent individuals JO: Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24329936 #FOAvip BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Individuals with methamphetamine dependence (MD) exhibit dysfunction in brain regions involved in goal maintenance and reward processing when compared with healthy individuals. We examined whether these characteristics also reflect relapse vulnerability within a sample of MD patients. DESIGN: Longitudinal, with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and clinical interview data collected at baseline and relapse status collected at 1-year follow-up interview. SETTING: Keck Imaging Center, University of California San Diego, USA. PARTICIPANTS: MD patients (n = 60) enrolled into an in-patient drug treatment program at baseline. MD participants remaining abstinent at 1-year follow-up (abstinent MD group; n = 42) were compared with MD participants who relapsed within this period (relapsed MD group; n = 18). MEASUREMENTS: Behavioral and neural responses to a reinforcement learning (paper-scissors-rock) paradigm recorded during an fMRI session at time of treatment. FINDINGS: The relapsed MD group exhibited greater bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right striatal activation than the abstinent MD group during the learning of reward contingencies (Cohen's d range: 0.60-0.83). In contrast, the relapsed MD group displayed lower bilateral striatum, bilateral insula, left IFG and left anterior cingulate activation than the abstinent MD group (Cohen's d range: 0.90-1.23) in response to winning, tying and losing feedback. CONCLUSIONS: Methamphetamine-dependent individuals who achieve abstinence and then relapse show greater inferior frontal gyrus activation during learning, and relatively attenuated striatal, insular and frontal activation in response to feedback, compared with methamphetamine-dependent people who remain abstinent. Twit Text FOAVip Striatum and insula dysfunction during reinforcement learning differentiates abstinent and relapsed methamphetamine-dependent individuals ????Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24329936 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=24329936 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|24329936}}</ref> Striatum and insula dysfunction during reinforcement learning differentiates abstinent and relapsed methamphetamine-dependent individuals #MMPMID24329936 Stewart JL; Connolly CG; May AC; Tapert SF; Wittmann M; Paulus MP Addiction 2014[Mar]; 109 (3): 460-71 PMID24329936show ga BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Individuals with methamphetamine dependence (MD) exhibit dysfunction in brain regions involved in goal maintenance and reward processing when compared with healthy individuals. We examined whether these characteristics also reflect relapse vulnerability within a sample of MD patients. DESIGN: Longitudinal, with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and clinical interview data collected at baseline and relapse status collected at 1-year follow-up interview. SETTING: Keck Imaging Center, University of California San Diego, USA. PARTICIPANTS: MD patients (n = 60) enrolled into an in-patient drug treatment program at baseline. MD participants remaining abstinent at 1-year follow-up (abstinent MD group; n = 42) were compared with MD participants who relapsed within this period (relapsed MD group; n = 18). MEASUREMENTS: Behavioral and neural responses to a reinforcement learning (paper-scissors-rock) paradigm recorded during an fMRI session at time of treatment. FINDINGS: The relapsed MD group exhibited greater bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and right striatal activation than the abstinent MD group during the learning of reward contingencies (Cohen's d range: 0.60-0.83). In contrast, the relapsed MD group displayed lower bilateral striatum, bilateral insula, left IFG and left anterior cingulate activation than the abstinent MD group (Cohen's d range: 0.90-1.23) in response to winning, tying and losing feedback. CONCLUSIONS: Methamphetamine-dependent individuals who achieve abstinence and then relapse show greater inferior frontal gyrus activation during learning, and relatively attenuated striatal, insular and frontal activation in response to feedback, compared with methamphetamine-dependent people who remain abstinent. |*Methamphetamine[MESH] |*Reinforcement, Psychology[MESH] |*Reward[MESH] |Adult[MESH] |Amphetamine-Related Disorders/*physiopathology[MESH] |Case-Control Studies[MESH] |Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology[MESH] |Decision Making/physiology[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Frontal Lobe/physiopathology[MESH] |Functional Neuroimaging[MESH] |Gyrus Cinguli/*physiopathology[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Learning/*physiology[MESH] |Longitudinal Studies[MESH] |Magnetic Resonance Imaging[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Neostriatum/*physiopathology[MESH] |Prefrontal Cortex/*physiopathology[MESH] |Recurrence[MESH]Striatum and insula dysfunction during reinforcement learning differen(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing