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10.1007/s00262-012-1343-0

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suck abstract from ncbi


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pmid22926062      Cancer+Immunol+Immunother 2013 ; 62 (2): 383-91
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  • Metronomic chemotherapy with low-dose cyclophosphamide plus gemcitabine can induce anti-tumor T cell immunity in vivo #MMPMID22926062
  • Tongu M; Harashima N; Monma H; Inao T; Yamada T; Kawauchi H; Harada M
  • Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013[Feb]; 62 (2): 383-91 PMID22926062show ga
  • Several chemotherapeutic drugs have immune-modulating effects. For example, cyclophosphamide (CP) and gemcitabine (GEM) diminish immunosuppression by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), respectively. Here, we show that intermittent (metronomic) chemotherapy with low-dose CP plus GEM can induce anti-tumor T cell immunity in CT26 colon carcinoma-bearing mice. Although no significant growth suppression was observed by injections of CP (100 mg/kg) at 8-day intervals or those of CP (50 mg/kg) at 4-day intervals, CP injection (100 mg/kg) increased the frequency of tumor peptide-specific T lymphocytes in draining lymph nodes, which was abolished by two injections of CP (50 mg/kg) at a 4-day interval. Alternatively, injection of GEM (50 mg/kg) was superior to that of GEM (100 mg/kg) in suppressing tumor growth in vivo, despite the smaller dose. When CT26-bearing mice were treated with low-dose (50 mg/kg) CP plus (50 mg/kg) GEM at 8-day intervals, tumor growth was suppressed without impairing T cell function; the effect was mainly T cell dependent. The metronomic combination chemotherapy cured one-third of CT26-bearing mice that acquired tumor-specific T cell immunity. The combination therapy decreased Foxp3 and arginase-1 mRNA levels but increased IFN-gamma mRNA expression in tumor tissues. The percentages of tumor-infiltrating CD45(+) cells, especially Gr-1(high) CD11b(+) MDSCs, were decreased. These results indicate that metronomic chemotherapy with low-dose CP plus GEM is a promising protocol to mitigate totally Treg- and MDSC-mediated immunosuppression and elicit anti-tumor T cell immunity in vivo.
  • |*Administration, Metronomic[MESH]
  • |Animals[MESH]
  • |Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*administration & dosage[MESH]
  • |Arginase/biosynthesis[MESH]
  • |CD11b Antigen/analysis[MESH]
  • |Cell Line, Tumor[MESH]
  • |Cyclophosphamide/*administration & dosage[MESH]
  • |Deoxycytidine/administration & dosage/*analogs & derivatives[MESH]
  • |Female[MESH]
  • |Forkhead Transcription Factors/biosynthesis[MESH]
  • |Gemcitabine[MESH]
  • |Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis[MESH]
  • |Leukocyte Common Antigens/analysis[MESH]
  • |Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects/immunology[MESH]
  • |Mice[MESH]
  • |Mice, Inbred BALB C[MESH]
  • |Neoplasms/*drug therapy[MESH]
  • |Receptors, Chemokine/analysis[MESH]
  • |T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects/immunology[MESH]
  • |T-Lymphocytes/*drug effects/immunology[MESH]


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