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10.1016/j.tiv.2011.12.006 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1016/j.tiv.2011.12.006 22198050!ä!22198050 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 247.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Toxicol+In+Vitro 2012 ; 26 (2): 323-34 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=22198050|t=2012. Evaluation of apoptosis induced by nanoparticles and fine particles in RAW 264 7 macrophages: facts and artefacts |pdf=|usr=}}{{22198050}} gab.com Text Evaluation of apoptosis induced by nanoparticles and fine particles in RAW 264 7 macrophages: facts and artefacts JO: Toxicol In Vitro http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=22198050 #FOAvip Current hazard characterisation of nanoparticles (NP) is predominantly based on in vitro test systems, being established for small molecules of drugs and chemicals. However, specific physicochemical properties of NP may result in interference with assay components, biomarkers, or detection systems. In the present study, six types of (nano)particles were screened in RAW 264.7 macrophages by common cytotoxicity methods (WST-1, LDH). Our specific focus was on the investigation of apoptosis (analysis of hypodiploid DNA, phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase 3/7 activation, and Cell Death Detection ELISA). Assays were validated by the well-known apoptosis inducer staurosporine. Our results show that ZnO, DQ12 quartz and amorphous silica are cytotoxic with strong indications for apoptotic effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages, whereas toxicity was absent for MgO. For fine as well as ultrafine TiO(2), no apoptotic effects could be detected except for induction of DNA fragmentation. The results of our study demonstrate the necessity to control on a case-by-case basis for assay interference to avoid misinterpretation of specific in vitro test findings. To obtain valid statements on the potential induction of apoptosis by specific NP the measurement of multiple endpoints is a prerequisite. Twit Text FOAVip Evaluation of apoptosis induced by nanoparticles and fine particles in RAW 264 7 macrophages: facts and artefacts ????Toxicol In Vitro http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=22198050 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=22198050 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|22198050}}</ref> Evaluation of apoptosis induced by nanoparticles and fine particles in RAW 264 7 macrophages: facts and artefacts #MMPMID22198050 Wilhelmi V; Fischer U; van Berlo D; Schulze-Osthoff K; Schins RP; Albrecht C Toxicol In Vitro 2012[Mar]; 26 (2): 323-34 PMID22198050show ga Current hazard characterisation of nanoparticles (NP) is predominantly based on in vitro test systems, being established for small molecules of drugs and chemicals. However, specific physicochemical properties of NP may result in interference with assay components, biomarkers, or detection systems. In the present study, six types of (nano)particles were screened in RAW 264.7 macrophages by common cytotoxicity methods (WST-1, LDH). Our specific focus was on the investigation of apoptosis (analysis of hypodiploid DNA, phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase 3/7 activation, and Cell Death Detection ELISA). Assays were validated by the well-known apoptosis inducer staurosporine. Our results show that ZnO, DQ12 quartz and amorphous silica are cytotoxic with strong indications for apoptotic effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages, whereas toxicity was absent for MgO. For fine as well as ultrafine TiO(2), no apoptotic effects could be detected except for induction of DNA fragmentation. The results of our study demonstrate the necessity to control on a case-by-case basis for assay interference to avoid misinterpretation of specific in vitro test findings. To obtain valid statements on the potential induction of apoptosis by specific NP the measurement of multiple endpoints is a prerequisite. |Animals[MESH] |Apoptosis/*drug effects[MESH] |Artifacts[MESH] |Biological Assay[MESH] |Caspase 3/metabolism[MESH] |Caspase 7/metabolism[MESH] |Cell Line[MESH] |Cell Survival/drug effects[MESH] |DNA Fragmentation[MESH] |Macrophages/*drug effects/metabolism[MESH] |Magnesium Oxide/toxicity[MESH] |Mice[MESH] |Nanoparticles/*toxicity[MESH] |Silicon Dioxide/toxicity[MESH] |Titanium/toxicity[MESH]Evaluation of apoptosis induced by nanoparticles and fine particles in(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing