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The causes, consequences, and treatment of left or right heart failure #MMPMID21603593
Pazos-Lopez P; Peteiro-Vazquez J; Carcia-Campos A; Garcia-Bueno L; de Torres JP; Castro-Beiras A
Vasc Health Risk Manag 2011[]; 7 (ä): 237-54 PMID21603593show ga
Chronic heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease of cardinal importance because of several factors: a) an increasing occurrence due to the aging of the population, primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events, and modern advances in therapy, b) a bad prognosis: around 65% of patients are dead within 5 years of diagnosis, c) a high economic cost: HF accounts for 1% to 2% of total health care expenditure. This review focuses on the main causes, consequences in terms of morbidity, mortality and costs and treatment of HF.