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10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02791.x http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02791.x 20078461/?report=reader!2808705!20078461     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Addiction 2010 ; 105 (1): 38-48 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=20078461|t=2010. Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addiction |pdf=|usr=}}{{20078461}} gab.com Text Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addiction JO: Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20078461 #FOAvip BACKGROUND: No medications have been proven to be effective for cocaine and methamphetamine addiction. Attenuation of drug reward has been the main strategy for medications development, but this approach has not led to effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to identify novel treatment targets in addition to the brain reward system. AIM: To propose a novel treatment strategy for stimulant addiction that will focus on medications enhancing cognitive function and attenuating drug reward. METHODS: Pre-clinical and clinical literature on potential use of cognitive enhancers for stimulant addiction pharmacotherapy was reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine and methamphetamine users show significant cognitive impairments, especially in attention, working memory and response inhibition functions. The cognitive impairments seem to be predictive of poor treatment retention and outcome. Medications targeting acetylcholine and norepinephrine are particularly well suited for enhancing cognitive function in stimulant users. Many cholinergic and noradrenergic medications are on the market and have a good safety profile and low abuse potential. These include galantamine, donepezil and rivastigmine (cholinesterase inhibitors), varenicline (partial nicotine agonist), guanfacine (alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist) and atomoxetine (norepinephrine transporter inhibitor). Future clinical studies designed optimally to measure cognitive function as well as drug use behavior would be needed to test the efficacy of these cognitive enhancers for stimulant addiction. Twit Text FOAVip Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addiction ????Addiction http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20078461 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=20078461 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|20078461}}</ref> Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addiction #MMPMID20078461 Sofuoglu M Addiction 2010[Jan]; 105 (1): 38-48 PMID20078461show ga BACKGROUND: No medications have been proven to be effective for cocaine and methamphetamine addiction. Attenuation of drug reward has been the main strategy for medications development, but this approach has not led to effective treatments. Thus, there is a need to identify novel treatment targets in addition to the brain reward system. AIM: To propose a novel treatment strategy for stimulant addiction that will focus on medications enhancing cognitive function and attenuating drug reward. METHODS: Pre-clinical and clinical literature on potential use of cognitive enhancers for stimulant addiction pharmacotherapy was reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine and methamphetamine users show significant cognitive impairments, especially in attention, working memory and response inhibition functions. The cognitive impairments seem to be predictive of poor treatment retention and outcome. Medications targeting acetylcholine and norepinephrine are particularly well suited for enhancing cognitive function in stimulant users. Many cholinergic and noradrenergic medications are on the market and have a good safety profile and low abuse potential. These include galantamine, donepezil and rivastigmine (cholinesterase inhibitors), varenicline (partial nicotine agonist), guanfacine (alpha(2)-adrenergic agonist) and atomoxetine (norepinephrine transporter inhibitor). Future clinical studies designed optimally to measure cognitive function as well as drug use behavior would be needed to test the efficacy of these cognitive enhancers for stimulant addiction. |Acetylcholine/physiology[MESH] |Adrenergic Agents/therapeutic use[MESH] |Amphetamine-Related Disorders/*drug therapy/physiopathology[MESH] |Attention/drug effects[MESH] |Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology/therapeutic use[MESH] |Cocaine-Related Disorders/*drug therapy/physiopathology[MESH] |Cognition Disorders/chemically induced/*drug therapy[MESH] |Cognition/*drug effects[MESH] |Decision Making/drug effects[MESH] |Dose-Response Relationship, Drug[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Impulsive Behavior/drug therapy[MESH] |Memory, Short-Term/drug effects[MESH] |Nicotinic Agonists/therapeutic use[MESH] |Nootropic Agents/therapeutic use[MESH] |Norepinephrine/physiology[MESH] |Prefrontal Cortex/drug effects/physiopathology[MESH]Cognitive enhancement as a pharmacotherapy target for stimulant addict(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing