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10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02012.x http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02012.x 19555382/?report=reader!2860658!19555382     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 211.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Acta+Physiol+(Oxf) 2010 ; 198 (3): 209-22 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=19555382|t=2010. Hypocretin/orexin and narcolepsy: new basic and clinical insights |pdf=|usr=}}{{19555382}} gab.com Text Hypocretin/orexin and narcolepsy: new basic and clinical insights JO: Acta Physiol (Oxf) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=19555382 #FOAvip Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations. Both sporadic (95%) and familial (5%) forms of narcolepsy exist in humans. The major pathophysiology of human narcolepsy has been recently discovered based on the discovery of narcolepsy genes in animals; the genes involved in the pathology of the hypocretin/orexin ligand and its receptor. Mutations in hypocretin-related genes are rare in humans, but hypocretin ligand deficiency is found in a large majority of narcolepsy with cataplexy. Hypocretin ligand deficiency in human narcolepsy is probably due to the post-natal cell death of hypocretin neurones. Although a close association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and human narcolepsy with cataplexy suggests an involvement of autoimmune mechanisms, this has not yet been proved. Hypocretin deficiency is also found in symptomatic cases of narcolepsy and EDS with various neurological conditions, including immune-mediated neurological disorders, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, MA2-positive paraneoplastic syndrome and neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-related disorder. The findings in symptomatic narcoleptic cases may have significant clinical relevance to the understanding of the mechanisms of hypocretin cell death and choice of treatment option. The discoveries in human cases lead to the establishment of the new diagnostic test of narcolepsy (i.e. low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 levels for 'narcolepsy with cataplexy' and 'narcolepsy due to medical condition'). As a large majority of human narcolepsy patients are ligand deficient, hypocretin replacement therapy may be a promising new therapeutic option, and animal experiments using gene therapy and cell transplantations are in progress. Twit Text FOAVip Hypocretin/orexin and narcolepsy: new basic and clinical insights ????Acta Physiol (Oxf) http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=19555382 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=19555382 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|19555382}}</ref> Hypocretin/orexin and narcolepsy: new basic and clinical insights #MMPMID19555382 Nishino S; Okuro M; Kotorii N; Anegawa E; Ishimaru Y; Matsumura M; Kanbayashi T Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2010[Mar]; 198 (3): 209-22 PMID19555382show ga Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hypnagogic hallucinations. Both sporadic (95%) and familial (5%) forms of narcolepsy exist in humans. The major pathophysiology of human narcolepsy has been recently discovered based on the discovery of narcolepsy genes in animals; the genes involved in the pathology of the hypocretin/orexin ligand and its receptor. Mutations in hypocretin-related genes are rare in humans, but hypocretin ligand deficiency is found in a large majority of narcolepsy with cataplexy. Hypocretin ligand deficiency in human narcolepsy is probably due to the post-natal cell death of hypocretin neurones. Although a close association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and human narcolepsy with cataplexy suggests an involvement of autoimmune mechanisms, this has not yet been proved. Hypocretin deficiency is also found in symptomatic cases of narcolepsy and EDS with various neurological conditions, including immune-mediated neurological disorders, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, MA2-positive paraneoplastic syndrome and neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-related disorder. The findings in symptomatic narcoleptic cases may have significant clinical relevance to the understanding of the mechanisms of hypocretin cell death and choice of treatment option. The discoveries in human cases lead to the establishment of the new diagnostic test of narcolepsy (i.e. low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 levels for 'narcolepsy with cataplexy' and 'narcolepsy due to medical condition'). As a large majority of human narcolepsy patients are ligand deficient, hypocretin replacement therapy may be a promising new therapeutic option, and animal experiments using gene therapy and cell transplantations are in progress. |Animals[MESH] |Cell Death[MESH] |Circadian Rhythm[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Hypothalamus/pathology[MESH] |Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency/*metabolism[MESH] |Ligands[MESH] |Narcolepsy/*etiology/*physiopathology/therapy[MESH] |Neuromyelitis Optica/metabolism/pathology[MESH] |Neurons[MESH] |Neuropeptides/deficiency/*metabolism[MESH] |Neurotransmitter Agents/*metabolism[MESH] |Orexins[MESH] |Polymorphism, Genetic[MESH]Hypocretin/orexin and narcolepsy: new basic and clinical insights (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing