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http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/ 12836494!ä!12836494 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 233.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 267.2 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534       Acta+Clin+Belg 2003 ; 58 (2): 111-9 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=12836494|t=2003. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in Belgium during winter 2000-2001 |pdf=|usr=}}{{12836494}} gab.com Text Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in Belgium during winter 2000-2001 JO: Acta Clin Belg http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=12836494 #FOAvip A total of 314 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected by 10 different laboratories were tested for their susceptibility by using a microdilution technique following NCCLS recommendations. The following antibiotics were included: penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, miocamycin, clindamycin and tetracycline. The insusceptibility rate (IR) to penicillin was 21.0% [10.8% intermediate (> or = 0.12-1 microgram/mL) and 10.2% high-level (> or = 2 micrograms/mL)], to cefotaxime 7.3% [3.5% intermediate (> or = 1 microgram/mL) and 3.8% high-level (> or = 2 micrograms/mL)], to imipenem 3.8% [3.8% intermediate (> or = 0.25-0.5 microgram/mL) and 0% high-level (> or = 1 microgram/mL)], to ciprofloxacin 11.2% [8.3% intermediate (2 micrograms/mL) and 3.9% high-level (> or = 4 micrograms/mL)], to erythromycin 30.3% [3.5% intermediate (0.5 microgram/mL) and 26.8% high-level (> or = 1 microgram/mL)] and to tetracycline 38.5% [0.9% intermediate (4 micrograms/mL) and 37.6% high-level (> or = 8 micrograms/mL)]. No decreased susceptibility was found for gemifloxacin (> or = 0.5 microgram/mL). This compound was the most active with MIC50, MIC90 and an IR of 0.015 microgram/mL, 0.03 microgram/mL and 0% respectively, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanate, amoxicillin and imipenem (MIC50, MIC90 and IR: 0.015 microgram/mL, 1 microgram/mL, 1.6%/0.015 microgram/mL, 1 microgram/mL, 1.9%/0.008 microgram/mL, 0.12 microgram/mL, 3.8% respectively). Compared to the 1999 surveillance, penicillin and tetracycline-insusceptibility increased with 4.9% and 15.6% respectively, while cefotaxime, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin insusceptibility decreased with 5.4%, 5.8% and 4.4% respectively. MICs of all beta-lactams rose with those of penicillin for penicillin-insusceptible isolates. Imipenem, cefotaxime, amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were generally 4, 2, 1 and 1 doubling dilutions respectively more potent than penicillin on these isolates while ampicillin, cefuroxime and cefactor were generally 1, 2 and 4 dilutions respectively [table: see text] less potent. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates remained fully susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate (92.4%), amoxicillin (90.9%) and imipenem (81.8%). Erythromycin-tetracycline insusceptibility was the most common resistance phenotype (14.3%). Three- and four-fold resistance was found in 12.4% and 1.6% respectively of the isolates. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates were of capsular types 14 (22.7%), 23 (21.2%), 6 (18.2%), 9 (13.6%) and 19 (12.1%). Twit Text FOAVip Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in Belgium during winter 2000-2001 ????Acta Clin Belg http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=12836494 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=12836494 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|12836494}}</ref> Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected in Belgium during winter 2000-2001 #MMPMID12836494 Vanhoof R; Carpentier M; Cartuyvels R; Damee S; Fagnart O; Garrino MG; Glupczynski Y; Gordts B; Govaerts D; Magerman K; Mans I; Surmont I; Van Bossuyt E; Van De Vyvere M; Van Landuyt H; Van Nimmen L; Van Noyen R Acta Clin Belg 2003[Mar]; 58 (2): 111-9 PMID12836494show ga A total of 314 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected by 10 different laboratories were tested for their susceptibility by using a microdilution technique following NCCLS recommendations. The following antibiotics were included: penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, miocamycin, clindamycin and tetracycline. The insusceptibility rate (IR) to penicillin was 21.0% [10.8% intermediate (> or = 0.12-1 microgram/mL) and 10.2% high-level (> or = 2 micrograms/mL)], to cefotaxime 7.3% [3.5% intermediate (> or = 1 microgram/mL) and 3.8% high-level (> or = 2 micrograms/mL)], to imipenem 3.8% [3.8% intermediate (> or = 0.25-0.5 microgram/mL) and 0% high-level (> or = 1 microgram/mL)], to ciprofloxacin 11.2% [8.3% intermediate (2 micrograms/mL) and 3.9% high-level (> or = 4 micrograms/mL)], to erythromycin 30.3% [3.5% intermediate (0.5 microgram/mL) and 26.8% high-level (> or = 1 microgram/mL)] and to tetracycline 38.5% [0.9% intermediate (4 micrograms/mL) and 37.6% high-level (> or = 8 micrograms/mL)]. No decreased susceptibility was found for gemifloxacin (> or = 0.5 microgram/mL). This compound was the most active with MIC50, MIC90 and an IR of 0.015 microgram/mL, 0.03 microgram/mL and 0% respectively, followed by amoxicillin/clavulanate, amoxicillin and imipenem (MIC50, MIC90 and IR: 0.015 microgram/mL, 1 microgram/mL, 1.6%/0.015 microgram/mL, 1 microgram/mL, 1.9%/0.008 microgram/mL, 0.12 microgram/mL, 3.8% respectively). Compared to the 1999 surveillance, penicillin and tetracycline-insusceptibility increased with 4.9% and 15.6% respectively, while cefotaxime, erythromycin and ciprofloxacin insusceptibility decreased with 5.4%, 5.8% and 4.4% respectively. MICs of all beta-lactams rose with those of penicillin for penicillin-insusceptible isolates. Imipenem, cefotaxime, amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were generally 4, 2, 1 and 1 doubling dilutions respectively more potent than penicillin on these isolates while ampicillin, cefuroxime and cefactor were generally 1, 2 and 4 dilutions respectively [table: see text] less potent. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates remained fully susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate (92.4%), amoxicillin (90.9%) and imipenem (81.8%). Erythromycin-tetracycline insusceptibility was the most common resistance phenotype (14.3%). Three- and four-fold resistance was found in 12.4% and 1.6% respectively of the isolates. Most penicillin-insusceptible isolates were of capsular types 14 (22.7%), 23 (21.2%), 6 (18.2%), 9 (13.6%) and 19 (12.1%). |*Drug Resistance, Multiple[MESH] |Adolescent[MESH] |Aged[MESH] |Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology[MESH] |Belgium/epidemiology[MESH] |Child[MESH] |Child, Preschool[MESH] |Drug Resistance, Microbial[MESH] |Female[MESH] |Humans[MESH] |Incidence[MESH] |Male[MESH] |Microbial Sensitivity Tests[MESH] |Middle Aged[MESH] |Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy/epidemiology[MESH] |Population Surveillance[MESH] |Risk Assessment[MESH]Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Streptoc(epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing