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2016 ; 10
(8
): e0004877
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Zika Fetal Neuropathogenesis: Etiology of a Viral Syndrome
#MMPMID27560129
Klase ZA
; Khakhina S
; Schneider Ade B
; Callahan MV
; Glasspool-Malone J
; Malone R
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
2016[Aug]; 10
(8
): e0004877
PMID27560129
show ga
The ongoing Zika virus epidemic in the Americas and the observed association with
both fetal abnormalities (primary microcephaly) and adult autoimmune pathology
(Guillain-Barré syndrome) has brought attention to this neglected pathogen. While
initial case studies generated significant interest in the Zika virus outbreak,
larger prospective epidemiology and basic virology studies examining the
mechanisms of Zika viral infection and associated pathophysiology are only now
starting to be published. In this review, we analyze Zika fetal neuropathogenesis
from a comparative pathology perspective, using the historic metaphor of "TORCH"
viral pathogenesis to provide context. By drawing parallels to other viral
infections of the fetus, we identify common themes and mechanisms that may
illuminate the observed pathology. The existing data on the susceptibility of
various cells to both Zika and other flavivirus infections are summarized.
Finally, we highlight relevant aspects of the known molecular mechanisms of
flavivirus replication.
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