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2014 ; 159
(1
): 151-6
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Wellness within illness: happiness in schizophrenia
#MMPMID25153363
Palmer BW
; Martin AS
; Depp CA
; Glorioso DK
; Jeste DV
Schizophr Res
2014[Oct]; 159
(1
): 151-6
PMID25153363
show ga
Schizophrenia is typically a chronic disorder and among the most severe forms of
serious mental illnesses in terms of adverse impact on quality of life. Yet,
there have been suggestions that some people with schizophrenia can experience an
overall sense of happiness in their lives. We investigated happiness among 72
outpatients with non-remitted chronic schizophrenia with a mean duration of
illness of 24.4 years, and 64 healthy comparison subjects (HCs). Despite
continued treatment with antipsychotic medications, the individuals with
schizophrenia manifested a mild to moderate level of psychopathology. People with
schizophrenia reported lower mean levels of happiness than HCs, but there was
substantial heterogeneity within the schizophrenia group. Level of happiness in
persons with schizophrenia was significantly correlated with higher mental
health-related quality of life, and several positive psychosocial factors (lower
perceived stress, and higher levels of resilience, optimism, and personal
mastery). However, level of happiness was not related to sociodemographic
characteristics, duration of illness, severity of positive or negative symptoms,
physical function, medical comorbidity, or cognitive functioning. Except for an
absence of an association with resilience, the pattern of correlations of
happiness with other variables seen among HCs was similar to that in individuals
with schizophrenia. Although happiness may be harder to achieve in the context of
a serious mental illness, it nonetheless appears to be a viable treatment goal in
schizophrenia. Psychotherapies targeting positive coping factors such as
resilience, optimism, and personal mastery warrant further investigation.
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