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2017 ; 14
(1
): 61
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Virginity testing: a systematic review
#MMPMID28521813
Olson RM
; García-Moreno C
Reprod Health
2017[May]; 14
(1
): 61
PMID28521813
show ga
BACKGROUND: So-called virginity testing, also referred to as hymen, two-finger,
or per vaginal examination, is the inspection of the female genitalia to assess
if the examinee has had or has been habituated to sexual intercourse. This paper
is the first systematic review of available evidence on the medical utility of
virginity testing by hymen examination and its potential impacts on the examinee.
METHODS: Ten electronic databases and other sources for articles published in
English were systematically searched from database inception until January 2017.
Studies reporting on the medical utility or impact on the examinee of virginity
testing were included. Evidence was summarized and assessed via a predesigned
data abstraction form. Meta-analysis was not possible. MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen of
1269 identified studies were included. Summary measures could not be computed due
to study heterogeneity. Included studies found that hymen examination does not
accurately or reliably predict virginity status. In addition, included studies
reported that virginity testing could cause physical, psychological, and social
harms to the examinee. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the lack of evidence of medical
utility and the potential harms, health professionals in multiple settings
continue to practice virginity testing, including when assessing for sexual
assault. health professionals must be better informed and medical and other
textbooks updated to reflect current medical knowledge. Countries should review
their policies and move towards a banning of virginity testing.
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