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2016 ; 14
(6
): 360-73
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Viral evasion of intracellular DNA and RNA sensing
#MMPMID27174148
Chan YK
; Gack MU
Nat Rev Microbiol
2016[Jun]; 14
(6
): 360-73
PMID27174148
show ga
The co-evolution of viruses with their hosts has led to the emergence of viral
pathogens that are adept at evading or actively suppressing host immunity.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are key components of antiviral immunity
that detect conserved molecular features of viral pathogens and initiate
signalling that results in the expression of antiviral genes. In this Review, we
discuss the strategies that viruses use to escape immune surveillance by key
intracellular sensors of viral RNA or DNA, with a focus on RIG-I-like receptors
(RLRs), cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and interferon-? (IFN?)-inducible protein
16 (IFI16). Such viral strategies include the sequestration or modification of
viral nucleic acids, interference with specific post-translational modifications
of PRRs or their adaptor proteins, the degradation or cleavage of PRRs or their
adaptors, and the sequestration or relocalization of PRRs. An understanding of
viral immune-evasion mechanisms at the molecular level may guide the development
of vaccines and antivirals.
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