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2014 ; 106
(11
): 2291-304
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Vertex models of epithelial morphogenesis
#MMPMID24896108
Fletcher AG
; Osterfield M
; Baker RE
; Shvartsman SY
Biophys J
2014[Jun]; 106
(11
): 2291-304
PMID24896108
show ga
The dynamic behavior of epithelial cell sheets plays a central role during
numerous developmental processes. Genetic and imaging studies of epithelial
morphogenesis in a wide range of organisms have led to increasingly detailed
mechanisms of cell sheet dynamics. Computational models offer a useful means by
which to investigate and test these mechanisms, and have played a key role in the
study of cell-cell interactions. A variety of modeling approaches can be used to
simulate the balance of forces within an epithelial sheet. Vertex models are a
class of such models that consider cells as individual objects, approximated by
two-dimensional polygons representing cellular interfaces, in which each vertex
moves in response to forces due to growth, interfacial tension, and pressure
within each cell. Vertex models are used to study cellular processes within
epithelia, including cell motility, adhesion, mitosis, and delamination. This
review summarizes how vertex models have been used to provide insight into
developmental processes and highlights current challenges in this area, including
progressing these models from two to three dimensions and developing new tools
for model validation.
free
free
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