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2017 ; 26
(ä): 138
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Vascularites cutanées leucocytoclasiques: à propos de 85 cas
#MMPMID28533861
Aounallah A
; Arouss A
; Ghariani N
; Saidi W
; Sriha B
; Denguezli M
; Belajouza C
; Nouira R
Pan Afr Med J
2017[]; 26
(ä): 138
PMID28533861
show ga
Clinical manifestation, etiology and outcome of leukocytoclastic vasculitis are
little studied. The aim of our study was to examine epidemiological, clinical
etiological, and evolutionary characteristics of this entity. We conducted a
cross-sectional data collection from medical records of 85 patients with
leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the Department of Dermatology at the Farhat Hached
University Hospital, Sousse between January 2000 and December 2013.
Epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, etiological data sheets had been
completed for each patient. The average age of patients was 47.65 years, ranging
between 10 and 78 years. Fifty-three women and 32 men were registered (sex ratio
= 0.6). Cutaneous manifestations were dominated by vascular purpura (88.2%). The
most common causes of leukocytoclastic vasculitis were systemic diseases (51%),
infection (20%) and neutrophilic dermatoses (14.5%). Other causes were drugs
(9.1%) and hematologic malignancies (5.4%). The cause of leukocytoclastic
vasculitis was not detected in 30 patients (35, 3%). Two predictive factors
associated with the acute outcome were retained: the presence of a recent
infection (p= 0.014) and drug intake before the rash (p= 0.013). Chronic
evolution was positively correlated with antinuclear antibodies (p= 0.009) and
cryoglobulinemia (p=0.025). Our study highlights the multitude of causes of
leukocytoclastic vasculitis. The search for an underlying disease is an
imperative in order to ensure better therapeutic management.