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2015 ; 27
(6
): 489-95
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Update on neurological paraneoplastic syndromes
#MMPMID26335665
Höftberger R
; Rosenfeld MR
; Dalmau J
Curr Opin Oncol
2015[Nov]; 27
(6
): 489-95
PMID26335665
show ga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an update on paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes
(PNS), the involved tumors, and types of immune responses. RECENT FINDINGS: PNS
are a diverse group of syndromes that may present as a relatively isolated
syndrome such as predominant cerebellar degeneration or limbic encephalitis, or
with more complex phenotypes such as diffuse encephalomyelitis that affects
different levels of the neuraxis producing a variety of clinical manifestations.
The detection of specific antineuronal antibodies can confirm or strongly support
the paraneoplastic cause of the syndrome and direct the search for the associated
cancer. Previously thought to be unresponsive to therapy, it has recently been
shown that there are some antibody-associated PNS that are highly responsive to
treatment, including tumor-directed therapies and immunotherapy. SUMMARY: The
recognition of PNS is important for the early detection of an underlying
malignancy and prompt initiation of therapies, which offers the best opportunity
to stabilize or improve the neurological deficits and for those syndromes
associated with cell surface antibodies usually results in substantial
improvement or full recovery.
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