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2015 ; 5
(4
): 2148-2168
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Upconverting NIR Photons for Bioimaging
#MMPMID28347113
Li Z
; Zhang Y
; La H
; Zhu R
; El-Banna G
; Wei Y
; Han G
Nanomaterials (Basel)
2015[Dec]; 5
(4
): 2148-2168
PMID28347113
show ga
Lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) possess uniqueanti-Stokes
optical properties, in which low energy near-infrared (NIR) photons can
beconverted into high energy UV, visible, shorter NIR emission via multiphoton
upconversionprocesses. Due to the rapid development of synthesis chemistry,
lanthanide-doped UCNPscan be fabricated with narrow distribution and tunable
multi-color optical properties. Theseunique attributes grant them unique
NIR-driven imaging/drug delivery/therapeuticapplications, especially in the cases
of deep tissue environments. In this brief review, weintroduce both the basic
concepts of and recent progress with UCNPs in material engineeringand theranostic
applications in imaging, molecular delivery, and tumor therapeutics. The aimof
this brief review is to address the most typical progress in basic mechanism,
materialdesign as bioimaging tools.