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2015 ; 163
(1
): 187-201
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Unmasking determinants of specificity in the human kinome
#MMPMID26388442
Creixell P
; Palmeri A
; Miller CJ
; Lou HJ
; Santini CC
; Nielsen M
; Turk BE
; Linding R
Cell
2015[Sep]; 163
(1
): 187-201
PMID26388442
show ga
Protein kinases control cellular responses to environmental cues by swift and
accurate signal processing. Breakdowns in this high-fidelity capability are a
driving force in cancer and other diseases. Thus, our limited understanding of
which amino acids in the kinase domain encode substrate specificity, the
so-called determinants of specificity (DoS), constitutes a major obstacle in
cancer signaling. Here, we systematically discover several DoS and experimentally
validate three of them, named the ?C1, ?C3, and APE-7 residues. We demonstrate
that DoS form sparse networks of non-conserved residues spanning distant regions.
Our results reveal a likely role for inter-residue allostery in specificity and
an evolutionary decoupling of kinase activity and specificity, which appear
loaded on independent groups of residues. Finally, we uncover similar properties
driving SH2 domain specificity and demonstrate how the identification of DoS can
be utilized to elucidate a greater understanding of the role of signaling
networks in cancer (Creixell et al., 2015 [this issue of Cell]).