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Annu Rev Biochem
2014[]; 83
(?): 813-41
PMID24606136
show ga
Ions surround nucleic acids in what is referred to as an ion atmosphere. As a
result, the folding and dynamics of RNA and DNA and their complexes with proteins
and with each other cannot be understood without a reasonably sophisticated
appreciation of these ions' electrostatic interactions. However, the underlying
behavior of the ion atmosphere follows physical rules that are distinct from the
rules of site binding that biochemists are most familiar and comfortable with.
The main goal of this review is to familiarize nucleic acid experimentalists with
the physical concepts that underlie nucleic acid-ion interactions. Throughout, we
provide practical strategies for interpreting and analyzing nucleic acid
experiments that avoid pitfalls from oversimplified or incorrect models. We
briefly review the status of theories that predict or simulate nucleic acid-ion
interactions and experiments that test these theories. Finally, we describe
opportunities for going beyond phenomenological fits to a next-generation, truly
predictive understanding of nucleic acid-ion interactions.
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