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Ultrasound Elastography: Review of Techniques and Clinical Applications
#MMPMID28435467
Sigrist RMS
; Liau J
; Kaffas AE
; Chammas MC
; Willmann JK
Theranostics
2017[]; 7
(5
): 1303-1329
PMID28435467
show ga
Elastography-based imaging techniques have received substantial attention in
recent years for non-invasive assessment of tissue mechanical properties. These
techniques take advantage of changed soft tissue elasticity in various
pathologies to yield qualitative and quantitative information that can be used
for diagnostic purposes. Measurements are acquired in specialized imaging modes
that can detect tissue stiffness in response to an applied mechanical force
(compression or shear wave). Ultrasound-based methods are of particular interest
due to its many inherent advantages, such as wide availability including at the
bedside and relatively low cost. Several ultrasound elastography techniques using
different excitation methods have been developed. In general, these can be
classified into strain imaging methods that use internal or external compression
stimuli, and shear wave imaging that use ultrasound-generated traveling shear
wave stimuli. While ultrasound elastography has shown promising results for
non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis, new applications in breast, thyroid,
prostate, kidney and lymph node imaging are emerging. Here, we review the basic
principles, foundation physics, and limitations of ultrasound elastography and
summarize its current clinical use and ongoing developments in various clinical
applications.
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