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2015 ; 5
(9
): 2756-76
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Transglutaminase 2 in cancer
#MMPMID26609482
Huang L
; Xu AM
; Liu W
Am J Cancer Res
2015[]; 5
(9
): 2756-76
PMID26609482
show ga
The significant influence of tumor microenvironment on malignant cells has been
investigated with enthusiasm in this era of targeted therapy. Transglutaminase 2
(TG2, EC 2.3.2.13), a multi-functional enzyme that catalyzes the formation of
intermolecular isopeptide bonds between glutamine and lysine side-chains, has
been reported to exert important pathophysiological functions. The aim of this
review was to investigate the correlation between TG2 and malignant behaviors,
which could provide the rationale for novel approaches in anti-cancer therapy. We
performed a systematic and electronic search on Medline, Scopus, and Web of
Science for relevant publications from inception to April 2015. The bibliographic
references of retrieved articles were further reviewed for additional relevant
studies. TG2 exerts important physiological functions and plays vital roles in
inflammation mainly through its modulation on the structure and stability of
extracellular matrix (ECM). It also regulates EMT of diverse malignant cells
through various intracellular and extracellular pathways. TG2 also plays an
important role in tumor progression and may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker
and therapeutic target in various cancer types. TG2 promotes malignant cell
mobility, invasion, and metastasis, and induces chemo-resistance of cancer cells,
mainly through its pro-crosslink and signaling transduction mediation
propensities. In conclusion, TG2 plays vital roles in malignancy progression, and
may have important prognostic and therapeutic significances.